Inferring the genome-wide history of grasses.
Inferring the genome-wide history of grasses.
复制标题
推断草类的全基因组历史。
DOI：
10.1016/j.molp.2022.03.008
复制
发表时间：
2022
期刊：
影响因子：
27.5
通讯作者：
Bianconi ME
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Bianconi ME
建立生物体之间的关系是生物学许多领域的基础，包括系统学，进化生物学和流行病学。这些关系通过系统发育树表示，系统发育树描述了基因的历史，并捕获了物种形成和基因复制事件。当多个基因同时被分析时，基因组和携带它们的物种的历史可以被重建，以及血统之间的遗传交换。基因组学革命和分析技术的进步导致了大规模的全基因组杂交，解决了越来越多的分类群的历史，并在某些情况下揭示了复杂的杂交历史。禾本科植物约有11000种，是生态和经济上最重要的植物类群。仅大米、小麦和玉米就占全球卡路里摄入量的一半以上，而草地覆盖了地球陆地面积的20%以上。在过去的30年中，通过分析来自质体和核基因组的个体标记物（Grass Phylogeny Working Group，2001; Grass Phylogeny Working Group II，2012）以及最近的完整质体（Saarela et al.，2018年）。质体不一定与核基因组的历史相匹配（图1），并且对核数据集的分析已经揭示了许多禾本科植物亚群中的不一致性（Fisher et al.，2016; Washburn等人，2017年），但整个家族的核历史仍有待严格评估。最近在分子植物，黄等。（2022）解决了这个问题，并提供了一个大规模的禾本科植物的核繁殖。
Establishing the relationships among organisms is fundamental to numerous fields in biology, including systematics, evolutionary biology, and epidemiology. These relationships are represented via phylogenetic trees, which depict the history of genes and capture both speciation and gene duplication events. When multiple genes are analyzed simultaneously, the history of the genomes and the species that bear them can be reconstructed, as well as episodes of genetic exchanges among lineages. The genomics revolution and analytical advancements have led to large-scale genome-wide phylogenies resolving the history of an increasing number of taxonomic groups and revealing in some cases complex histories of hybridization. However, large groups of plants remain to be analyzed in depth.The grass family (Poaceae) includes around 11 000 species and is arguably the most ecologically and economically important group of plants. Rice, wheat, and maize alone account for more than half of global calorie intake, and grasses cover over 20% of the Earth’s landmass. Over the past 30 years, our understanding of the relationships among grasses gradually improved through analyses of individual markers from the plastid and nuclear genomes (Grass Phylogeny Working Group, 2001; Grass Phylogeny Working Group II, 2012) and, more recently, complete plastomes (Saarela et al., 2018). The plastid does not necessarily match the history of the nuclear genome (Figure 1), and analyses of nuclear datasets have revealed incongruencies in many subgroups of grasses (Fisher et al., 2016; Washburn et al., 2017), but the family-wide nuclear history remained to be critically assessed. Recently in Molecular Plant, Huang et al.(2022) tackled this problem and provided a large-scale nuclear phylogeny of the grasses.