Species sensitivity distributions revisited: A critical appraisal
Species sensitivity distributions revisited: A critical appraisal
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DOI：
10.1080/10807030290879781
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发表时间：
2002-04-01
影响因子：
4.3
通讯作者：
Calow, P
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Forbes, VE;Calow, P
我们重新审视与物种敏感性分布（SSD）的推导和应用相关的假设。我们的问题是（1）SSD是否澄清或模糊了风险评估的生态影响阈值的设置？SSD是否减少或引入风险评估的不确定性？我们的结论是，如果我们可以确定一个社区的敏感性分布，这将提供一个更好的估计生态相关的影响阈值，因此是一个改进的风险评估。然而，所产生的分布通常是基于偶然收集的物种和端点，并通过调整这些，以反映更现实的营养结构，我们表明，影响阈值可以转移，但在一个方向和程度上是不可预测的。尽管声称SSD的方法使用所有可用的数据来评估效果，我们证明，在某些经常使用的应用程序中，只有一小部分的物种进入SSD确定的影响阈值。如果SSD的方法是导致更好的风险评估，需要改进如何将理论付诸实践。这需要仔细界定风险评估目标以及选定用于生成固态硬盘的物种和终点。
We revisit the assumptions associated with the derivation and application of species sensitivity distributions (SSDs). Our questions are (1) Do SSDs clarify or obscure the setting of ecological effects thresholds for risk assessment? and (2) Do SSDs reduce or introduce uncertainty into risk assessment? Our conclusions are that if we could determine a community sensitivity distribution, this would provide a better estimate of an ecologically relevant effects threshold and therefore be an improvement for risk assessment. However, the distributions generated are typically based on haphazard collections of species and endpoints and by adjusting these to reflect more realistic trophic structures we show that effects thresholds can be shifted but in a direction and to an extent that is not predictable. Despite claims that the SSD approach uses all available data to assess effects, we demonstrate that in certain frequently used applications only a small fraction of the species going into the SSD determine the effects threshold. If the SSD approach is to lead to better risk assessments, improvements are needed in how the theory is put into practice. This requires careful definition of the risk assessment targets and of the species and endpoints selected for use in generating SSDs.