Modulating Nodal Outflows to Guarantee Sufficient Disinfectant Residuals in Water Distribution Networks
Modulating Nodal Outflows to Guarantee Sufficient Disinfectant Residuals in Water Distribution Networks
复制标题
调节节点出水量以保证配水网络中有足够的消毒剂残留
DOI：
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发表时间：
2019
影响因子：
3.1
通讯作者：
E. Creaco
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
S. Avvedimento;S. Todeschini;C. Giudicianni;A. Di Nardo;T. Walski;E. Creaco
配水网络（WDN）内的冲洗计划为改善消毒剂残留物和清除死水提供了一种工具。消毒剂残留低的问题发生在WDN的终端节点等区域，在这些区域，低流量条件和长停留时间导致用户上游的消毒剂过度衰减。在这里，提出了一种方法，以保持足够的消毒剂残留量在wdn有许多死角节点。通过在消火栓处开一个吹管，这些地点的节点流出量略有增加，可以帮助解决这个问题。该方法是基于优化和流动路径/水质建模的结合使用。传染源处的消毒剂浓度和关键死角节点处的节点-发射器系数值是需要优化的决策变量。优化时考虑了两个目标函数，即管网输水量的总量和注入管网的消毒液的总质量。该方法的有效性在实际的WDN上得到了证明，从而对解决方案的经济可行性有了深入的了解。
Flushing plans within a water distribution network (WDN) provide a tool for improving disinfectant residuals and removing stagnant water. The problem of low disinfectant residuals occurs in areas of a WDN such as dead-end nodes, in which low flow conditions and long residence times lead to excessive decay of the disinfectant upstream from users. Here, a methodology is presented to maintain adequate disinfectant residuals in WDNs that have numerous dead-end nodes. The slight increase in nodal outflows at these sites, which can be obtained through the opening of a blow-off at the hydrant site, can help in tackling this problem. The methodology is based on the combined use of optimization and of flow routing/water quality modelling. The concentration of disinfectant at the source(s) and the values of nodal emitter coefficients at the critical dead-end nodes are the decisional variables to be optimized. Two objective functions are considered in the optimization, namely the total volume of water delivered in the network and the total mass of disinfectant injected into the network. The effectiveness of the methodology is proven on a real WDN, yielding an insight into the economic feasibility of the solution.