Polyunsaturated n-3 fatty acids and the development of atopic disease
Polyunsaturated n-3 fatty acids and the development of atopic disease
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DOI：
10.1007/s11745-001-0814-5
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发表时间：
2001-09-01
期刊：
影响因子：
1.9
通讯作者：
Björkstén, B
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Duchén, K;Björkstén, B
多不饱和长链脂肪酸和特应性之间的关系已经讨论了几十年。与非特应性个体相比，特应性个体的血浆磷脂中必需脂肪酸亚油酸和α-亚麻酸的水平较高，而其较长代谢物的水平较低，这已被几项但不是全部研究报道。在对来自特应性疾病的免疫细胞的细胞膜的研究中也报告了几乎类似的发现。和非特异性反应，尽管在方法论、研究小组和特异性反应的定义方面存在差异。早期假设n-6脂肪酸（特别是花生四烯酸和二高-γ-亚麻酸）代谢失衡，导致前列腺素（PG）E-2和PGE（1）合成不当，但尚未得到证实。人乳的脂肪酸组成不仅取决于母乳喂养期间的哺乳时间，还取决于一天中的时间和哺乳期。这就解释了牛奶脂肪酸和母亲特应性疾病之间关系的报道结果的差异。前瞻性研究表明，在n-6和n-3脂肪酸组成的干扰之间的牛奶从特应性和非特应性母亲。然而，只有长链多不饱和n-3脂肪酸的组成与儿童的特应性发育有关。低水平的n-3脂肪酸，特别是二十碳五烯酸（20：5 n-3），和特应性疾病的早期发展之间的关系被假设。
The relationship between polyunsaturated long-chain fatty acids and atopy has been discussed for decades. Higher levels of the essential fatty acids linoleic acid and alpha -linolenic acid and lower levels of their longer metabolites in plasma phospholipids of atopic as compared to nonatopic individuals have been reported by several, but not all, studies. Largely similar findings have been reported in studies of cell membranes from immunological cells from atopics. and nonatopics despite differences in methodology, study groups, and definitions of atopy. An imbalance in the metabolism of the n-6 fatty acids, particularly arachidonic acid and dihomo-gamma -linolenic acid, leading to an inappropriate synthesis of prostaglandin (PG) E-2 and PGE(1) was hypothesized early on but has not been corroborated. The fatty acid composition of human milk is dependent on the time of lactation not only during a breast meal but also the time of the day and the period of lactation. This explains the discrepancies in reported findings regarding the relationship between milk fatty acids and atopic disease in the mother. Prospective studies show disturbances in both the n-6 and n-3 fatty acid composition between milk from atopic and nonatopic mothers. Only the composition of long-chain polyunsaturated n-3 fatty acids was related to atopic development in the children, however. A relationship between lower levels of n-3 fatty acids, particularly eicosapentaenoic acid (20:5 n-3), and early development of atopic disease is hypothesized.