Study on flesh quality and physiological response of grass carp cultivated at higher density in‐pond raceway system
Study on flesh quality and physiological response of grass carp cultivated at higher density in‐pond raceway system
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DOI：
10.1111/jwas.12899
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发表时间：
2022-06
影响因子：
2.8
通讯作者：
Di Peng;Yabing Zhang;Ganxiang Wang;Guo‐Dong Zheng;Shuming Zou
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Di Peng;Yabing Zhang;Ganxiang Wang;Guo‐Dong Zheng;Shuming Zou
池内通道系统（IPRS）是近年来在中国迅速发展起来的一种高密度生态绿色池塘养殖模式。本研究在IPRS模式下对草鱼的肉品质和生理反应进行了评价。与传统泥塘（EP）模式相比，IPRS模式下草鱼肝体指数和内脏体指数显著（p< 0.05）降低。草鱼肌肉持水能力显著提高（p< 0.05）。与EP模式相比，IPRS模式下草鱼肌肉粗蛋白质含量更高，粗脂肪含量更低，肌纤维密度更高，肌纤维直径更小。在IPRS模式下，草鱼肌肉中必需氨基酸总量（∑EAA）显著升高（p< 0.05），风味氨基酸含量显著升高（p< 0.05）。此外，IPRS草鱼肌肉脂肪酸中二十碳五烯酸和二十二碳六烯酸的含量也显著（p< 0.05）高于EP模式。同时，为了应对IPRS的高密度培养模式，草鱼肌肉中过氧化氢酶和超氧化物歧化酶活性显著（p< 0.05）升高，血清中丙氨酸转氨酶、天冬氨酸转氨酶等生化指标显著升高（p< 0.05）。在IPRS模式下，鳃的质量比片层呼吸面积显著增加（p< 0.05），层间细胞质量体积显著减少（p< 0.05），以增加摄氧量。综上所述，草鱼会对IPRS高密度养殖环境产生相应的生理反应，从而提高产量、肉质和营养价值。
In‐pond raceway systems (IPRS) are a high‐density ecological green pond aquaculture mode, which has developed rapidly in China in recent years. This study evaluated the flesh quality and physiological response of grass carp under the IPRS mode. Compared with the traditional earthen pond (EP) mode, the grass carp hepatosomatic index and viscerosomatic index under the IPRS mode are significantly (p< 0.05) lower. And the water holding capacity of grass carp muscles were significantly (p< 0.05) improved. Compared with EP mode, grass carp muscles under the IPRS mode have more crude protein content and less crude fat content, and have higher muscle fiber density and smaller muscle fiber diameter. In the IPRS mode, the total amount of essential amino acids (∑EAA) in grass carp muscle increased significantly (p< 0.05), and the content of savory amino acids increased significantly (p< 0.05). In addition, the content of eicosapentaenoic acid and docosahexaenoic acid in the muscle fatty acids of IPRS grass carp was also significantly (p< 0.05) higher than EP mode. At the same time, in order to cope with the high‐density culture mode of IPRS, the activity of catalase and superoxide dismutase in grass carp muscle was significantly (p< 0.05) increased, and the alanine aminotransferase in serum, aspartate aminotransferase, as well as other biochemical indexes, increased significantly (p< 0.05). In the IPRS mode, the mass‐specific lamellae respiratory area of the gill increased significantly (p< 0.05), and the volume of the interlaminar cell mass decreased significantly (p< 0.05) to increase oxygen intake. Taken together, our results show that grass carp will produce relevant physiological response to cope with the IPRS high‐density culture environment, while their flesh yield, flesh quality, and nutritional value is improved.