Metabolomic analysis of honey bee ( Apis mellifera L.) response to glyphosate exposure
Metabolomic analysis of honey bee ( Apis mellifera L.) response to glyphosate exposure
复制标题
蜜蜂 (Apis mellifera L.) 对草甘膦暴露反应的代谢组学分析
DOI：
10.1039/d2mo00046f
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发表时间：
2022
期刊：
影响因子：
2.9
通讯作者：
Jiang, Lin
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Wang, Bo;Habermehl, Calypso;Jiang, Lin
草甘膦是世界上农业和杂草控制中最常用的除草剂之一。这种农用化学品的使用会对非目标生物体产生意想不到的后果，例如地球上最重要的昆虫传粉者蜜蜂 (Apis mellifera L.)。然而，对蜜蜂对亚致死草甘膦暴露的生物效应的详细了解仍然有限。在本研究中，采用基于 1H NMR 的代谢组学来研究口服暴露于环境实际浓度（7.12 mg L−1）的草甘膦是否会影响蜜蜂在 2、5 和 10 天内代谢物的调节。在接触草甘膦的第二天，蜜蜂表现出几种必需氨基酸的显着下调，包括亮氨酸、赖氨酸、缬氨酸和异亮氨酸。这一现象表明，当蜜蜂经历最初的笼养过程时，草甘膦会引起明显的代谢扰动。中期（第 5 天）结果显示代谢物水平扰动可以忽略不计，这表明草甘膦对活跃蜜蜂的影响较低。然而，长期（第 10 天）数据显示主成分分析 (PCA) 中对照组和实验组之间存在明显分离。这种分离是必需氨基酸（如苏氨酸、组氨酸和蛋氨酸）组合变化的结果，而非必需氨基酸谷氨酰胺和脯氨酸以及碳水化合物蔗糖均下调。总之，我们的研究表明，尽管在亚致死剂量的草甘膦下，蜜蜂没有观察到显着的行为差异，但在遇到其他环境压力源或长期暴露时，在短期暴露下可以观察到代谢组水平扰动。
Glyphosate is among the world's most commonly used herbicides in agriculture and weed control. The use of this agrochemical has unintended consequences on non-target organisms, such as honey bees (Apis mellifera L.), the Earth's most prominent insect pollinator. However, detailed understanding of the biological effects in bees in response to sub-lethal glyphosate exposure is still limited. In this study, 1H NMR-based metabolomics was performed to investigate whether oral exposure to an environmentally realistic concentration (7.12 mg L−1) of glyphosate affects the regulation of honey bee metabolites in 2, 5, and 10 days. On Day 2 of glyphosate exposure, the honey bees showed significant downregulation of several essential amino acids, including leucine, lysine, valine, and isoleucine. This phenomenon indicates that glyphosate causes an obvious metabolic perturbation when the honey bees are subjected to the initial caging process. The mid-term (Day 5) results showed negligible metabolite-level perturbation, which indicated the low glyphosate impact on active honeybees. However, the long-term (Day 10) data showed evident separation between the control and experimental groups in the principal component analysis (PCA). This separation is the result of the combinatorial changes of essential amino acids such as threonine, histidine, and methionine, while the non-essential amino acids glutamine and proline as well as the carbohydrate sucrose were all downregulated. In summary, our study demonstrates that although no significant behavioral differences were observed in honey bees under sub-lethal doses of glyphosate, metabolomic level perturbation can be observed under short-term exposure when met with other environmental stressors or long-term exposure.