Personality Neuroscience: An Emerging Field with Bright Prospects.
Personality Neuroscience: An Emerging Field with Bright Prospects.
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DOI：
10.5964/ps.7269
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发表时间：
2022-10
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
C. DeYoung;R. Beaty;E. Genç;R. Latzman;L. Passamonti;M. Servaas;A. Shackman;L. Smillie;R. N. Spreng;E. Viding;Jan Wacker
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作者：
C. DeYoung;R. Beaty;E. Genç;R. Latzman;L. Passamonti;M. Servaas;A. Shackman;L. Smillie;R. N. Spreng;E. Viding;Jan Wacker
人格神经科学是使用神经科学方法研究持续的心理个体差异，通常在普通人群中。它有可能揭示个体差异的神经生物学机制及其在持续行为和经验中的表现。该领域在几十年前就开始了，但直到最近两年才真正获得动力，因为合适的技术已经广泛使用。人格神经科学采用了广泛的方法，包括分子遗传学，药理学测定或操作，脑电图和各种神经成像方式，如磁共振成像和正电子发射断层扫描。虽然在这个年轻的领域正在取得令人兴奋的进展，但仍有许多未知之处。在这篇简短的评论中，我们讨论了已经取得的发现，方法上的挑战和进步，以及仍然需要回答的重要问题。我们还讨论了人格神经科学研究的最佳实践和该领域未来的发展方向。11位在人格神经科学前沿工作的研究人员提供了该领域的概述，强调了其前景，初步发现和挑战。他们为这个年轻领域的未来提出了战略和机会。人格神经科学受到技术进步和大样本的推动。关于神经质、外倾性和智力，已经有了可复制的发现。研究个体差异需要与研究典型功能不同的方法。
Personality neuroscience is the study of persistent psychological individual differences, typically in the general population, using neuroscientific methods. It has the potential to shed light on the neurobiological mechanisms underlying individual differences and their manifestation in ongoing behavior and experience. The field was inaugurated many decades ago, yet has only really gained momentum in the last two, as suitable technologies have become widely available. Personality neuroscience employs a broad range of methods, including molecular genetics, pharmacological assays or manipulations, electroencephalography, and various neuroimaging modalities, such as magnetic resonance imaging and positron emission tomography. Although exciting progress is being made in this young field, much remains unknown. In this brief review, we discuss discoveries that have been made, methodological challenges and advances, and important questions that remain to be answered. We also discuss best practices for personality neuroscience research and promising future directions for the field. Relevance Statement Eleven researchers working at the cutting edge of personality neuroscience provide an overview of the field, highlighting its promise, initial discoveries, and challenges. They present strategies and opportunities for the future of this young field. Key Insights Personality neuroscience is facilitated by technological advances and large samples. Replicable discoveries have been made regarding neuroticism, extraversion, and intelligence. Studying individual differences requires methods distinct from studying typical function.