HDL Is Not Dead Yet.

HDL Is Not Dead Yet.
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HDL还没有死。

DOI:
10.3390/biomedicines10010128
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发表时间:
2022-01-07
期刊:
影响因子:
4.7
通讯作者:
Smith JD
Smith JD
中科院分区:
工程技术3区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Lorkowski SW;Smith JD

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在多项流行病学研究中,高密度脂蛋白胆固醇(HDLC)水平与冠心病(CHD)呈负相关,但高密度脂蛋白是因果关系还是仅与CHD有关尚不清楚。最近对提高高密度脂蛋白药物的试验要么在减少CHD事件方面没有效果,要么在减少CHD事件方面有益,因为这些发现可能归因于药物的降低低密度脂蛋白的活性。此外,首次大规模孟德尔随机研究并未发现高密度脂蛋白胆固醇水平与降低冠心病之间存在因果关系。因此,高密度脂蛋白对冠心病具有保护作用的假设受到了合理的挑战。然而,随后的孟德尔随机化研究发现,高密度脂蛋白的特征与CHD的减少有因果关系。高密度脂蛋白结构和功能的许多方面,特别是在反向胆固醇运输方面,可能是高密度脂蛋白保护活性的更好指标,而不是简单地测量高密度脂蛋白-C。即使在调整了高密度脂蛋白和载脂蛋白A-1的水平后,胆固醇流出能力也与较低的CHD患病率和发病率有关。此外,高密度脂蛋白胆固醇水平非常高的受试者,包括那些罕见的突变扰乱肝脏高密度脂蛋白摄取和反向胆固醇转运的受试者,患冠心病的风险可能比那些中等水平的受试者更高。在这里,我们描述了几种基于细胞和无细胞的高密度脂蛋白结构和功能的体外分析,可以用于临床研究,以确定哪些高密度脂蛋白的功能与预防冠心病最相关。我们的结论是,基于对高密度脂蛋白结构和功能的研究,高密度脂蛋白假说可能需要修改,但高密度脂蛋白假说还没有消亡。
High-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) levels are inversely correlated with coronary heart disease (CHD) in multiple epidemiological studies, but whether HDL is causal or merely associated with CHD is unclear. Recent trials for HDL-raising drugs were either not effective in reducing CHD events or, if beneficial in reducing CHD events, were not conclusive as the findings could be attributed to the drugs’ LDL-reducing activity. Furthermore, the first large Mendelian randomization study did not causally relate HDL-C levels to decreased CHD. Thus, the hypothesis that HDL is protective against CHD has been rightfully challenged. However, subsequent Mendelian randomization studies found HDL characteristics that are causally related to decreased CHD. Many aspects of HDL structure and function, especially in reverse cholesterol transport, may be better indicators of HDL’s protective activity than simply measuring HDL-C. Cholesterol efflux capacity is associated with lower levels of prevalent and incident CHD, even after adjustment for HDL-C and apolipoprotein A-1 levels. Also, subjects with very high levels of HDL-C, including those with rare mutations that disrupt hepatic HDL uptake and reverse cholesterol transport, may be at higher risk for CHD than those with moderate levels. We describe here several cell-based and cell-free in vitro assays of HDL structure and function that may be used in clinical studies to determine which of HDL’s functions are best associated with protection against CHD. We conclude that the HDL hypothesis may need revision based on studies of HDL structure and function, but that the HDL hypothesis is not dead yet.
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发表时间: 2016-09-02
影响因子: 20.1
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发表时间: 2013
期刊: PloS one
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通讯作者: Oda MN
DOI: 10.1161/atvbaha.109.199158
发表时间: 2010-04
期刊: Arteriosclerosis, thrombosis, and vascular biology
影响因子: --
作者:
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DOI: 10.1056/nejm198711123172001
发表时间: 1987-11-12
影响因子: 158.5
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