Monitoring polynuclear aromatic hydrocarbons in aqueous environments with passive low-density polyethylene membrane devices
Monitoring polynuclear aromatic hydrocarbons in aqueous environments with passive low-density polyethylene membrane devices
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DOI：
10.1897/03-395
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发表时间：
2004-06-01
影响因子：
4.1
通讯作者：
Rice, SD
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Carls, MG;Holland, LG;Rice, SD
低密度聚乙烯膜通常填充三油酸，以前被用作被动环境采样器，用于从水、沉积物和空气中积累非极性疏水化学物质。这种被称为半透膜装置（spmd）的采样器中的碳氢化合物通过膜上的孔隙扩散，并被困在中央碳氢化合物基质中，模拟生物体的吸收。在这里，我们描述了实验室和现场验证，不含三油酸的低密度聚乙烯膜装置（pemd）提供可靠、相对便宜、时间集成的水中碳氢化合物采样。为了比较，还研究了SPMDs和粉红鲑鱼卵对多核芳烃（PAH）的吸收。PEMDs累积的多环芳烃总浓度与水中浓度高度相关（r(2)大于或等于0.99），并在测试范围（0-17马克杯/升）内呈线性关系。高分子质量的多环芳烃优先积聚在PEMDs和粉红鲑鱼卵中，但PEMDs中的油源仍可确定。多环芳烃的积累与spmd非常相似。在清洁水中，pemd保留了约78%的累积总多环芳烃。因此，一种简单的塑料薄膜可以方便地用于环境监测，特别是在污染物浓度较低（在十亿分之一范围内）、可变和间歇性的情况下。
Low-density polyethylene membranes, typically filled with triolein, have been previously deployed as passive environmental samplers designed to accumulate nonpolar hydrophobic chemicals from water, sediments, and air. Hydrocarbons in such samplers, known as semipermeable membrane devices (SPMDs), diffuse through pores in the membranes and are trapped in the central hydrocarbon matrix, mimicking uptake by living organisms. Here, we describe laboratory and field verification that low-density polyethylene membrane devices (PEMDs) without triolein provide reliable, relatively inexpensive, time-integrated hydrocarbon sampling from water. For comparison, polynuclear aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH) uptake in SPMDs and pink salmon eggs also was studied. Total concentrations of PAH accumulated by PEMDs were highly correlated with concentrations in water (r(2) greater than or equal to 0.99) and linear over the range tested (0-17 mug/L). Higher-molecular-mass PAH preferentially accumulated in PEMDs and in pink salmon eggs, but the source of oil in PEMDs remained identifiable. Accumulations of PAH were highly similar to those in SPMDs. The PEMDs retained approximately 78% of accumulated total PAH for 40 d in clean water. Thus, a simple plastic membrane can be conveniently used for environmental monitoring, particularly during situations in which contaminant concentrations are low (in the parts-per-billion range), variable, and intermittent.