Duck IL-7 as a novel adjuvant improves the humoral immune response to an inactivated duck Tembusu virus vaccine
Duck IL-7 as a novel adjuvant improves the humoral immune response to an inactivated duck Tembusu virus vaccine
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鸭 IL-7 作为新型佐剂可改善对灭活鸭天布苏病毒疫苗的体液免疫反应
DOI：
10.1016/j.vetmic.2023.109665
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发表时间：
2023
影响因子：
3.3
通讯作者：
Anchun Cheng
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Juan Huang;Tingting Yu;Zhiyao Long;Mingshu Wang;Mafeng Liu;Dekang Zhu;Shun Chen;Xinxin Zhao;Qiao Yang;Ying Wu;Shaqiu Zhang;Xumin Ou;Sai Mao;Bin Tian;Qun Gao;Di Sun;Renyong Jia;Anchun Cheng
鸭坦布苏病毒（Duck Tembusu virus，DTMUV）属于黄病毒科黄病毒属，给养鸭业造成了巨大的经济损失。然而，灭活的DTMUV疫苗需要多次免疫，并且具有不完全的有效性。体液免疫反应是控制DTMUV感染的关键因素。来源于哺乳动物的IL-7具有增强抗体产生的能力。鸭IL-7（duIL-7）是否具有提高DTMUV灭活疫苗体液免疫力的作用尚未明确。在此，使用β-丙内酯（BPL）灭活的DTMUV疫苗来表征duIL-7在体液免疫应答中的佐剂性质。对鸭子肌肉注射含或不含duIL-7的DTMUV灭活疫苗两次。结果表明，duIL-7能够促进快速抗体应答，并增强DTMV特异性IgG和中和抗体的产生。滤泡辅助性T细胞（Tfh）在辅助长期体液免疫中起关键作用。研究发现，首次接种后3周，duIL-7上调duIl-6和duIl-21基因表达，这两种基因分别编码Tfh细胞分化相关细胞因子duIL-6和duIL-21。这可能是duIL-7能够延长DTMUV灭活疫苗的体液免疫应答的原因。接下来，测试duIL-7简化灭活DTMUV疫苗的免疫程序的能力。一次免疫后，添加duIL-7的DTMUV灭活疫苗组鸭的中和抗体滴度显著高于DTMUV灭活疫苗组（P < 0.05）。此外，duIL-7可以帮助DTMUV灭活疫苗在整个实验期间维持高水平的中和抗体。DTMUV灭活疫苗和duIL-7联合免疫组的病毒滴度在感染后3d显著低于DTMUV灭活疫苗单独免疫组（3dpi，P < 0.05）。总的来说，duIL-7具有促进和延长对灭活DTMUV疫苗的体液免疫应答的能力，即使是在一个剂量下。本研究为DTMUV灭活疫苗的研制提供了一种新的高效佐剂。
Duck tembusu virus (DTMUV), belonging to the Flavivirus genus, Flaviviridae family, has caused huge economic losses in the duck industry. However, the inactivated DTMUV vaccine requires multiple immunizations and has incomplete effectiveness. The humoral immune response is a key factor in the control of DTMUV infection. IL-7 derived from mammals has the ability to enhance antibody production. Whether duck IL-7 (duIL-7) possesses the ability to improve the humoral immunity of inactivated DTMUV vaccine has not yet been declared. Here, a beta-propiolactone (BPL)-inactivated DTMUV vaccine was employed to characterize the adjuvant property of duIL-7 in humoral immune responses. Intramuscular injection of DTMUV inactivated vaccine with or without duIL-7 was administered twice to the ducks. The results showed that duIL-7 was able to promote rapid antibody responses and enhance DTMUV-specific IgG and neutralizing antibody production to the vaccine. T follicular helper (Tfh) cells play a key role in assisting long humoral immunity. It was found that duIL-7 upregulated duIl-6 and duIl-21 gene expression at 3 w post first vaccination, which encode Tfh cell differentiation-related cytokines duIL-6 and duIL-21, respectively. This may be the reason that duIL-7 could prolong the humoral immune response to the inactivated DTMUV vaccine. Next, the ability of duIL-7 to simplify the immunization procedure of the inactivated DTMUV vaccine was tested. When ducks were immunized once, the titers of neutralizing antibodies in ducks from the inactivated DTMUV vaccine supplemented with duIL-7 group were significantly higher than those of ducks from the inactivated DTMUV vaccine group (P < 0.05). In addition, duIL-7 could assist the inactivated DTMUV vaccine in maintaining neutralizing antibodies at high levels during the whole experimental period. The viral titers in the ducks immunized with the inactivated DTMUV vaccine and duIL-7 were lower than those in the ducks immunized with the inactivated DTMUV vaccine alone at 3 days post infection (3 dpi, P < 0.05). Overall, duIL-7 possessed the ability to promote and prolong humoral immune responses to the inactivated DTMUV vaccine, even at one dose. This study provides a new efficient adjuvant for inactivated DTMUV vaccine development.