Small mammal populations and community under conditions of extremely high thallium contamination in the environment
Small mammal populations and community under conditions of extremely high thallium contamination in the environment
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DOI：
10.1006/eesa.1998.1660
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发表时间：
1998-09-01
影响因子：
6.8
通讯作者：
Kozakiewicz, M
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Dmowski, K;Kozakiewicz, A;Kozakiewicz, M
研究是在波兰南部克拉科夫西北50公里处的一家锌冶炼厂附近进行的，此前的测量结果显示，另一种生物指示方法显示环境中存在巨大的铊含量。这些哺乳动物(总共106只)是在距离工厂不同方向1.5至2.5公里的四个林区和远离工业排放源的两个参照点捕获的。在离冶炼厂最近的两个地区检查的所有哺乳动物的肝脏和肾脏中都发现了非常高的TL水平。滩鼠的负荷量最大(肾脏最大热释光为34.27微克/克干质量；肝脏最大热释光为14.53微克/克；非污染地区的热释光低于检测下限0.07微克/克)。在几个人身上观察到毛发数量的明显减少--这是铊中毒的特征。最极端的例子是一只后半身几乎没有毛的木鼠(！)。单个种群和整个群落的密度很低，包括食虫动物在内，最高可达4.8只/公顷。与未受污染的区域相比，物种之间的数量比例发生了变化。年龄结构被扭曲了，年轻一代的参与比例不成比例。在研究的男性中，只发现了性生活不活跃的人。与其他锌冶炼厂周围的数据相比，居住在这里的种群和小型哺乳动物群落的状况要差得多。(C)1998年学术出版社
Studies were carried out in the vicinity of a zinc smelter in southern Poland, 50 km northwest of Krakow, where the previous measurements,vith another bioindication method revealed huge thallium levels in the environment. The mammals (106 individuals in total) were captured in four wooded areas situated 1.5 to 2.5 km in various directions from the plant and in two reference sites, located far from industrial emission sources. Very high Tl levels were found in livers and kidneys of all mammals examined from the two areas nearest the smelter. Bank voles were the most loaded (maximum Tl in kidneys, 34.27 mu g/g dry mass; in livers, 14.53 mu g/g; values from unpolluted areas were below the detection limit, 0.07 mu g/g). A distinct decrease in the amount of hair-a characteristic of thallium poisoning-was observed in several individuals. The extreme case was a wood mouse with the rear half of its body almost entirely hairless (!). Densities of single populations and the whole community were very low, up to 4.8 individuals/ha, including insectivores. Numerical proportions between species were changed in comparison to unpolluted areas. The age structure was deformed, with a disproportionate small participation by young generations. Among the males studied, only sexually inactive individuals were found. The condition of populations and the community of small mammals living here was much worse compared with data from the surroundings of other zinc smelters. (C) 1998 Academic Press