Health System Reform in China 3 Emergence of chronic non-communicable diseases in China
Health System Reform in China 3 Emergence of chronic non-communicable diseases in China
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DOI：
10.1016/s0140-6736(08)61366-5
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发表时间：
2008-11-08
期刊：
影响因子：
168.9
通讯作者：
Koplan, Jeffrey P.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Yang, Gonghuan;Kong, Lingzhi;Koplan, Jeffrey P.
中国在比许多其他国家更短的时间内经历了从传染病到慢性病的流行病学转变。行为变化的速度和范围，包括改变饮食、减少体育活动、男性吸烟率高以及其他高风险行为，都以前所未有的速度加快。因此，慢性病的负担、可预防的发病率和死亡率以及相关的保健费用现在可能大幅增加。中国已有1.77亿成年人患有高血压;此外，有3.03亿成年人吸烟，占世界吸烟者总数的三分之一，中国有5.3亿人被动接触二手烟。由于饮食变化和体力活动减少，中国成人和儿童超重和肥胖的患病率正在增加。慢性病的出现对中国正在进行的卫生保健改革提出了特殊的挑战，因为需要治疗的人数众多，而及时预防疾病的机会很小。
China has experienced an epidemiological transition shifting from the infectious to the chronic diseases in much shorter time than many other countries. The pace and spread of behavioural changes, including changing diets, decreased physical activity high rates of male smoking, and other high risk behaviours, has accelerated to an unprecedented degree. As a result, the burden of chronic diseases, preventable morbidity and mortality and associated health-care costs could now increase substantially. China already has 177 million adults with hypertension; furthermore, 303 million adults smoke, which is a third of the world's total number of smokers, and 530 million people in China are passively exposed to second-hand smoke. The prevalence of overweight people and obesity is increasing in Chinese adults and children, because of dietary changes and reduced physical activity. Emergence of chronic diseases presents special challenges for China's ongoing reform of health care, given the large numbers who require curative treatment and the narrow window of opportunity for timely prevention of disease.