Exposure of population and microenvironmental distributions of volatile organic compound concentrations in the EXPOLIS study
Exposure of population and microenvironmental distributions of volatile organic compound concentrations in the EXPOLIS study
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DOI：
10.1016/j.atmosenv.2003.09.031
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发表时间：
2003-12-01
影响因子：
5
通讯作者：
Jantunen, M
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Saarela, K;Tirkkonen, T;Jantunen, M
挥发性有机化合物（VOCs）的测定是EU-EXPOLIS项目的一部分，该项目研究了欧洲城市人口暴露于颗粒物和气态污染物的情况。EXPOLIS研究集中在30个目标挥发性有机化合物的基础上选择的环境和健康的意义和可用性的化合物作为污染源的标志。在该项目中，选择了赫尔辛基的201名受试者、雅典的50名受试者、巴塞尔的50名受试者、米兰的50名受试者、牛津的50名受试者和布拉格的50名受试者作为最终暴露样本。VOCs的微环境和个人暴露浓度在赫尔辛基和巴塞尔最低，而在雅典和米兰测得的浓度最高;牛津和布拉格介于两者之间。在所有城市中，家庭室内空气是最重要的暴露因素。在这项研究中测量的工作场所室内空气浓度一般低于家庭室内浓度和家庭室外空气作为暴露剂的作用很小。当使用测量的浓度和在家室内、在家室外和在工作场所花费的时间分数来估计测量的个人暴露浓度时，可以得出结论，这三个微环境不能完全解释个人暴露。必须遇到其他重要的个人暴露源，最重要的是交通/运输和本研究中未测量的其他室内环境。(C)2003 Elsevier Ltd.保留所有权利。
Determination of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) formed one part of the EU-EXPOLIS project in which the exposure of European urban populations to particles and gaseous pollutants was studied. The EXPOLIS study concentrated on 30 target VOCs selected on the basis of environmental and health significance and usability of the compounds as markers of pollution sources. In the project, 201 subjects in Helsinki, 50 in Athens, 50 in Basel, 50 in Milan and, 50 in Oxford and 50 in Prague were selected for the final exposure sample. The microenvironmental and p personal exposure concentrations of VOCs were the lowest in Helsinki and Basel, while the highest concentrations were measured in Athens and Milan; Oxford and Prague were in between. In all cities, home indoor air was the most significant exposure agent. Workplace indoor air concentrations measured in this study were generally lower than the home indoor concentrations and home outdoor air played a minor role as an exposure agent. When estimating the measured personal exposure concentrations using the measured concentrations and time fractions spent at home indoors, at home outdoors, and at the workplace, it could be concluded that these three microenvironments do not fully explain the personal exposure. Other important sources for personal exposure must be encountered, the most important being traffic/transportation and other indoor environments not measured in this study. (C) 2003 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.