Syntactic prediction in language comprehension:: Evidence from either ... or
Syntactic prediction in language comprehension:: Evidence from either ... or
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DOI：
10.1037/0278-7393.32.2.425
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发表时间：
2006-03-01
影响因子：
2.6
通讯作者：
Clifton, C
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Staub, A;Clifton, C
当阅读者阅读两个名词短语或两个独立分句由单词或（分别为NP-并列和S-并列）连接的句子时，他们的眼动被监测。这个词可以出现在句子的前面，也可以不出现。当其中一个出现时，材料紧随其后或被读得更快，跨越两种句子类型。此外，有证据表明，只有当两者都不存在时，读者才会将S-配位结构误认为NP-配位结构。作者解释的结果表明，这个词要么使读者能够预测到达的协调结构;这种预测激活促进处理这个结构时，它最终到达，并在S-协调句子的情况下，使读者能够避免不正确的NP-协调分析。作者认为，这些结果支持句法分析理论，根据该理论，句法分析器可以在遇到相应的词汇输入之前建立可预测的句法结构。
Readers' eye movements were monitored as they read sentences in which two noun phrases or two independent clauses were connected by the word or (NP-coordination and S-coordination, respectively). The word either could be present or absent earlier in the sentence. When either was present, the material immediately following or was read more quickly, across both sentence types. In addition, there was evidence that readers misanalyzed the S-coordination structure as an NP-coordination structure only when either was absent. The authors interpret the results as indicating that the word either enabled readers to predict the arrival of a coordination structure; this predictive activation facilitated processing of this structure when it ultimately arrived, and in the case of S-coordination sentences, enabled readers to avoid the incorrect NP-coordination analysis. The authors argue that these results support parsing theories according to which the parser can build predictable syntactic structure before encountering the corresponding lexical input.