Alarm pheromone does not modulate 22-kHz calls in male rats
Alarm pheromone does not modulate 22-kHz calls in male rats
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DOI：
10.1016/j.physbeh.2016.01.009
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发表时间：
2016-03-15
影响因子：
2.9
通讯作者：
Mori, Yuji
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Muyama, Hiromi;Kiyokawa, Yasushi;Mori, Yuji
已知大鼠在受到痛苦刺激时会发出一系列超声波发声，称为22 kHz叫声。药理学研究表明，焦虑介导的22 kHz的电话在痛苦的大鼠。我们以前发现，暴露于老鼠警报信息素会增加老鼠的焦虑。因此，我们假设报警信息素会增加22 kHz的呼叫信息素暴露的大鼠。因此，我们测试是否暴露于报警信息素诱导22 kHz的电话，以及报警信息素是否增加22 kHz的电话，以响应厌恶条件刺激（CS）。大鼠首先恐惧条件的听觉和上下文CS。第二天，这些大鼠要么暴露于警报信息素，要么暴露于从气味供体大鼠颈部释放的对照气味。然后，将大鼠再次暴露于令人厌恶的CS。报警信息素既不诱导22-kHz的电话，也没有增加22-kHz的电话，以响应厌恶CS。相比之下，控制气味出乎意料地减少了由厌恶CS引起的22 kHz呼叫的总数和持续时间，以及冻结的持续时间。这些结果表明，报警信息素不影响大鼠22 kHz的呼叫。然而，我们可能已经发现了一种安抚嗅觉信号的证据，这种信号是从气味供体大鼠的颈部释放出来的。(C)2016 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
Rats are known to emit a series of ultrasonic vocalizations, termed 22-kHz calls, when exposed to distressing stimuli. Pharmacological studies have indicated that anxiety mediates 22-kHz calls in distressed rats. We previously found that exposure to the rat alarm pheromone increases anxiety in rats. Therefore, we hypothesized that the alarm pheromone would increase 22-kHz calls in pheromone-exposed rats. Accordingly, we tested whether exposure to the alarm pheromone induced 22-kHz calls, as well as whether the alarm pheromone increased 22 kHz calls in response to an aversive conditioned stimulus (CS). Rats were first fear-conditioned to an auditory and contextual CS. On the following day, the rats were either exposed to the alarm pheromone or a control odor that was released from the neck region of odor-donor rats. Then, the rats were re-exposed to the aversive CS. The alarm pheromone neither induced 22-kHz calls nor increased 22-kHz calls in response to the aversive CS. In contrast, the control odor unexpectedly reduced the total number and duration of 22-kHz calls elicited by the aversive CS, as well as the duration of freezing. These results suggest that the alarm pheromone does not affect 22-kHz calls in rats. However, we may have found evidence for an appeasing olfactory signal, released from the neck region of odor-donor rats. (C) 2016 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.