Contribution of charcoal to short-term nutrient dynamics after surface fire in the humus layer of a dwarf bamboo-dominated forest
Contribution of charcoal to short-term nutrient dynamics after surface fire in the humus layer of a dwarf bamboo-dominated forest
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DOI：
10.1007/s00374-011-0657-y
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发表时间：
2012-01
影响因子：
6.5
通讯作者：
Kobayashi Makoto;Kobayashi Makoto;Hideaki Shibata;Yong Suk Kim;T. Satomura;T. Satomura;K. Takagi;M. Nomura;F. Satoh;Takayoshi Koike
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文献类型：
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作者：
Kobayashi Makoto;Kobayashi Makoto;Hideaki Shibata;Yong Suk Kim;T. Satomura;T. Satomura;K. Takagi;M. Nomura;F. Satoh;Takayoshi Koike
木炭的生态功能研究主要是通过向土壤中添加木炭来进行的，这不足以充分了解木炭在火灾易发森林生态系统中的原位作用。为了确定木炭对生态系统功能（如养分有效性）的原位影响，我们在日本白桦林进行了一项实验，在林下覆盖茂密的矮竹林中进行了木炭去除或不去除的燃烧实验。剩余腐殖质层铵态氮在燃烧后立即升高，但在燃烧后1个月内下降到未燃烧地块的水平。去除木炭对NH4+-N动力学无显著影响。虽然在采样期间，燃烧对NO3−-N动态没有影响，但木炭去除导致NO3−-N略有增加。有效磷含量在燃烧后立即升高，但在燃烧后1个月下降。木炭抑制了速效磷的耗竭，延长了磷的高有效度，磷的高有效度可能与木炭孔隙中磷的吸附有关。交换性Ca、Mg逐渐升高；木炭延长了交换性钙、镁的高浓度期。火灾产生的木炭是影响火灾后森林腐殖质层有效养分的关键因素。
Ecological function of charcoal has been mainly investigated by adding charcoal to soil, which is not fully adequate to understand in situ the role in fire-prone forest ecosystem. To determine in situ effects of charcoal on ecosystem functions, such as nutrient availability, we conducted an experimental burning in a Japanese white birch forest with dense coverage of dwarf bamboo in the understory with or without removal of charcoal. Ammonium-N in the remaining humus layer increased immediately after the burning, but decreased to the level of unburnt plots within 1 month of the burning. Removal of charcoal had no significant effect on the NH4+-N dynamics. Although burning did not affect NO3−-N dynamics during the sampling period, charcoal removal led to a slight increase in NO3−-N. The available P increased immediately after the burning, but then fell at 1 month after burning. Charcoal inhibited the available P depletion and prolonged the high availability of P. Greater availability of P might be due to the adsorption of phosphate in charcoal pores. Exchangeable Ca and Mg increased gradually; charcoal appeared to extend the period of higher concentration of exchangeable Ca and Mg. Charcoal deriving from fire is a key factor in influencing available nutrient in the humus layer of post-fire forests.