Different places, different problems: profiles of crime and disorder at residential parcels
Different places, different problems: profiles of crime and disorder at residential parcels
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DOI：
10.1186/s40163-022-00165-0
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发表时间：
2022-06-19
期刊：
影响因子：
6.1
通讯作者：
Tucker, Riley
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
O'Brien, Daniel T.;Ristea, Alina;Tucker, Riley
某些地方产生了大量的犯罪和混乱。我们研究了不同的地方在犯罪和混乱的性质上是如何不同的，有三个目标：(1)确定犯罪和混乱概况的类型；(2)评估不同形式的犯罪和骚乱是否同时发生在包裹内；(3)确定问题地块是否解释了社区间的犯罪和混乱。该研究使用911和311记录来量化马萨诸塞州波士顿居民区的身体和社会紊乱以及暴力犯罪（n = 81,673）。k均值聚类分析确定了问题包裹的类型以及这些类型如何分布在人口普查块组中。聚类分析确定了五种类型的问题包裹，四种专门针对一种形式的犯罪或混乱，还有一种结合了所有问题。第二次聚类分析发现，问题地块的分布描述了从低犯罪率到高犯罪率的街区，以及有许多公共身体障碍地块的商业区。有问题的地块适度地解释了社区间的犯罪水平。结果表明，需要采取不同的干预策略来支持不同类型的问题包裹；与犯罪相关的社区动态比有问题的房产本身更大。
Certain places generate inordinate amounts of crime and disorder. We examine how places differ in their nature of crime and disorder, with three objectives: (1) identifying a typology of profiles of crime and disorder; (2) assessing whether different forms of crime and disorder co-locate at parcels; and (3) determining whether problematic parcels explain crime and disorder across neighborhoods. The study uses 911 and 311 records to quantify physical and social disorder and violent crime at residential parcels in Boston, MA (n = 81,673). K-means cluster analyses identified the typology of problematic parcels and how those types were distributed across census block groups. Cluster analysis identified five types of problematic parcels, four specializing in one form of crime or disorder and one that combined all issues. The second cluster analysis found that the distribution of problematic parcels described the spectrum from low- to high-crime neighborhoods, plus commercial districts with many parcels with public physical disorder. Problematic parcels modestly explained levels of crime across neighborhoods. The results suggest a need for diverse intervention strategies to support different types of problematic parcels; and that neighborhood dynamics pertaining to crime are greater than problematic properties alone.