115 year ice-core data from Akademii Nauk ice cap, Severnaya Zemlya: high-resolution record of Eurasian Arctic climate change
115 year ice-core data from Akademii Nauk ice cap, Severnaya Zemlya: high-resolution record of Eurasian Arctic climate change
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北地岛 Akademii Nauk 冰盖 115 年冰芯数据：欧亚北极气候变化的高分辨率记录
作者：
T. Opel;D. Fritzsche;H. Meyer;R. Schütt;K. Weiler;U. Ruth;F. Wilhelms;H. Fischer
从1999年到2001年，为了获得俄罗斯北极中部的高分辨率代理数据，在Akademii Nauk冰盖Severnaya Zemlya钻探了一个724m深的冰芯。尽管夏季融水渗漏强烈，但这个冰芯提供了有关该地区气候和环境历史的宝贵信息。我们给出了该岩心最上层57米的稳定水同位素、熔融层含量和主要离子的数据，涵盖了1883-1998年。测年是通过计算季节性同位素循环和使用参考层来实现的。多年一次的δ18O值反映了欧亚、亚北极和北极地表气温的变化。我们发现与某些站的仪器温度数据有很强的相关性(例如，挪威北部瓦德的r=0.62)。δ18O值显示出明显的20世纪温度变化，1920年前后温度显著上升，20世纪30年代达到绝对最高温度。最近氢过剩时间序列的减少表明，喀拉海作为区域水汽来源的作用越来越大。根据离子的多年变化，我们得出了20世纪海盐气溶胶减少的趋势，这反映在钠和氯上，而硫酸盐和硝酸盐则受到人为污染的强烈影响。
Abstract From 1999 to 2001 a 724 m deep ice core was drilled on Akademii Nauk ice cap, Severnaya Zemlya, to gain high-resolution proxy data from the central Russian Arctic. Despite strong summertime meltwater percolation, this ice core provides valuable information on the regional climate and environmental history. We present data of stable water isotopes, melt-layer content and major ions from the uppermost 57 m of this core, covering the period 1883–1998. Dating was achieved by counting seasonal isotopic cycles and using reference horizons. Multi-annual δ18O values reflect Eurasian sub-Arctic and Arctic surface air-temperature variations. We found strong correlations to instrumental temperature data from some stations (e.g. r = 0.62 for Vardø, northern Norway). The δ18O values show pronounced 20th-century temperature changes, with a strong rise about 1920 and the absolute temperature maximum in the 1930s. A recent decrease in the deuterium-excess time series indicates an increasing role of the Kara Sea as a regional moisture source. From the multi-annual ion variations we deduced decreasing sea-salt aerosol trends in the 20th century, as reflected by sodium and chloride, whereas sulphate and nitrate are strongly affected by anthropogenic pollution.