Larval settlement and metamorphosis of the mussel Mytilus galloprovincialis in response to biofilms
Larval settlement and metamorphosis of the mussel Mytilus galloprovincialis in response to biofilms
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DOI：
10.1007/s00227-006-0383-4
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发表时间：
2007-01-01
期刊：
影响因子：
2.4
通讯作者：
Kitamura, Hitoshi
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Bao, Wei-Yang;Satuito, Cyril Glenn;Kitamura, Hitoshi
2003年11月至2005年1月，在日本长崎立花湾，将生物膜在浸入海面以下1.0-1.5 m的玻璃片上生长不同的时间。在实验室条件下，研究了年龄、浸泡月份、干重、细菌和硅藻密度等因素对紫贻贝（Mytilus galloprovincialis）幼贝附着和变态的影响。此外，生物膜进行了各种治疗，以调查在生物膜的沉降和变态线索的性质。Pediveliger幼虫的贻贝定居和变态的生物膜。沉积和变态后幼虫阶段显着增加的生物膜年龄。此外，生物膜活性根据浸泡月份（季节）而变化，例如，对于相同年龄的生物膜，6 - 8月浸泡的活性高于11 - 3月浸泡的活性。生物膜活性与干重、细菌密度和硅藻密度呈正相关。生物膜的这三个定量参数受到膜龄的显著影响，但不受浸泡月份的影响，这表明其他参数（例如，群落结构、胞外产物）也影响生物膜的诱导活性。固定剂（福尔马林和戊二醛），热，乙醇，紫外线照射和抗生素处理的生物膜导致其诱导活性显着降低或损失。细菌细胞在活性降低或丧失的经处理的膜中的存活也显著降低。当幼虫暴露于生物膜的调理水时，没有获得沉降和变态。因此，M. galloprovincialis响应于生物膜中的活细菌产生的提示而沉降和变态。提示物可能是对上述处理敏感的细菌胞外产物。
Biofilms were allowed to develop on glass slips immersed 1.0-1.5 m below the sea surface in Tachibana Bay, Nagasaki, Japan, for different periods of time from November 2003 to January 2005. The effects of age, immersion month, dry weight, bacterial and diatom densities of these biofilms on the settlement and metamorphosis of pediveliger larvae of the mussel Mytilus galloprovincialis were investigated in the laboratory. Furthermore, biofilms were subjected to various treatments to investigate the nature of the settlement and metamorphosis cue in the biofilm. Pediveliger larvae of the mussel settled and metamorphosed in response to biofilms. Settlement and metamorphosis to the post-larval stage significantly increased with the biofilm age. In addition, the biofilm activity varied depending on the immersion month (season), e.g., for biofilms with the same age, those immersed between June and August had higher activities than those immersed between November and March. The activity of the biofilm also positively correlated with the dry weight, bacterial and diatom densities. These three quantitative parameters of the biofilm were significantly affected by the film age but were not affected by the immersion month, suggesting that other parameters (e.g., community structures, extracellular products) also affected the inductive activity of the biofilm. The fixative agents (formalin and glutaraldehyde), heat, ethanol, ultraviolet irradiation and antibiotics treatments of the biofilm resulted in significant reduction or loss of its inductive activity. The survival of bacterial cells in the treated films where activities were either reduced or lost also decreased significantly. No settlement and metamorphosis were obtained when larvae were exposed to the conditioned water of the biofilm. Thus, larvae of M. galloprovincialis settled and metamorphosed in response to a cue produced by living bacteria in the biofilm. The cue may be a bacterial extracellular product which was susceptible to the above treatments.