CHLOROTIC MOTTLE - NEWLY RECODNIZED DISEASE OF CHRYSANTHEMUM
CHLOROTIC MOTTLE - NEWLY RECODNIZED DISEASE OF CHRYSANTHEMUM
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DOI：
10.1094/phyto-61-415
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发表时间：
1971-01-01
期刊：
影响因子：
3.2
通讯作者：
HORST, RK
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
DIMOCK, AW;GEISSINGER, CM;HORST, RK
菊花（Chrysan-themum morifolium Ramat.）的褪绿斑驳病首次在品种“黄特拉华”中被发现，事实证明可以通过嫁接传播到大量菊花品种中。一些品种的接穗虽然被感染，但仍然无症状，而其他品种的接穗最初表现出明显的黄绿色斑点，但最终出现明显的普遍褪绿，并且有些矮小。一些品种的接穗最初表现出明显的反应，但后来变得无症状，但仍携带活性刺激物。引人注目的杂色早期阶段相对短暂是该综合征的一个突出特征。没有发现与患病植物相关的病原细菌或真菌。通过标准汁液接种技术成功接种健康菊花表明了病毒病原学的可能性。标准指示植物汁液接种阴性结果表明，该病不是由菊花矮化病毒、菊花花叶病毒、菊花无精子症、菊花矮斑病、诺丹菊花病毒B、烟草花叶病毒或黄瓜花叶病毒引起的。我们建议将该病命名为“褪绿斑驳病”。植物病理学 61：415-419。 1967 年夏天，我们注意到一种影响纽约州北部商业温室菊花的疾病 (3)。我们被告知，该问题主要限于品种“黄色特拉华”，在较小程度上涉及“亲本”品种特拉华。在美国南部的许多温室中都观察到了这种疾病，但在北部只是偶尔观察到。看来大多数（如果不是全部）患病材料都源自佛罗里达州种植的克隆母株。该疾病的症状包括（i）幼叶出现轻微斑点或杂色，偶尔出现明显的褪绿斑点；（ii）新叶普遍褪绿，通常在早期形成的叶子出现斑点之后；（iii）叶子、花和整个植物矮化； (iv) 花朵发育延迟。一组植物中症状的表现在任何给定时间和时间上都是不同的。某些品种的植物可能一度严重褪绿，1或2周后几乎完全恢复，然后再次表现出严重的症状。通常，母株和生根插条看起来非常健康，只有在毫无戒心的顾客种植插条后才会出现严重症状。通常，盆中的五株植物中只有两到三株出现症状，但盆就变得毫无价值（图1）。
A chlorotic mottle of chrysanthemum (Chrysan-themum morifolium Ramat.) first noted in the cultivar Yellow Delaware proved to be graft-transmissible to a large number of chrysanthemum cultivars. Scions of some cultivars, although infected, re-mained symptomless, whereas others initially exhibited marked yellow-green mottling, but eventually developed pronounced general chlorosis and were somewhat dwarfed. Scions of some cultivars exhibited marked initial reaction, but later became symptomless though still carrying active incitant. The relative brevity of the early phase of striking variegation was an outstanding characteristic of the syndrome. No pathogenic bacterium or fungus was found associated with the diseased plants. The probability of virus etiology was indicated by successful inoculation of healthy chrysanthemums by standard sap inoculation techniques. Negative results of sap inoculations of standard indicator plants suggested that it was not caused by the viruses of chrysanthemum stunt, chrysanthemum mosaic, chrysanthemum aspermy, chrysanthemum dwarf-mottle, Noordam's chrysanthemum virus B, tobacco mosaic virus, or cucumber mosaic virus. We propose that the disease be designated by the term “chlorotic mottle". Phy-topathology 61: 415-419.During the summer of 1967, our attention was called to a malady affecting chrysanthemums in a commercial glasshouse range in upstate New York (3). We were advised that the problem was limited mostly to the cultivar Yellow Delaware, and to a minor extent to the “parent” cultivar Delaware. The malady had been ob-served in a number of glasshouses in southern USA, but only occasionally in the north. It appeared that most, if not all, diseased material originated from clonal stock plants grown in Florida. Symptoms of the disease included (i) mild mottling or variegation of the young leaves and occasional distinct chlorotic spotting;(ii) general chlorosis of new leaves, often following mottling of early-formed leaves;(iii) dwarfing of leaves, flowers, and the entire plant; and (iv) delay in development of blossoms. Expression of symptoms within a group of plants varied at any given time and from time to time. Plants of some cultivars might at one time be very chlorotic, 1 or 2 weeks later appear almost wholly recovered, then again exhibit severe symptoms. Often the parent plant and the rooted cuttings would appear perfectly healthy, severe symptoms developing only after the cuttings were planted by the unsuspecting customer. Frequently, only two or three of the five plants in a pot developed symptoms, but the pot was thus rendered valueless (Fig. 1).