U.S. Trends in Registration for Medical Cannabis and Reasons for Use From 2016 to 2020 : An Observational Study.
U.S. Trends in Registration for Medical Cannabis and Reasons for Use From 2016 to 2020 : An Observational Study.
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DOI：
10.7326/m22-0217
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发表时间：
2022-07
影响因子：
39.2
通讯作者：
Hosanagar A
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Boehnke KF;Dean O;Haffajee RL;Hosanagar A
大麻政策自由化增加了用于医疗或娱乐目的的大麻供应。医用大麻许可证的最新趋势可以为临床政策和护理提供信息。描述美国医用大麻许可的最新趋势。多措并举的生态研究。2016-2020年期间，通过国家报告和关于医用大麻许可证的数据请求提供的国家登记册数据。美国的医用大麻患者(持有医用大麻许可证的人)。总患者数量、每10,000人中的患者数和患者报告的合格条件(即符合获得执照资格的患者的症状/条件)--包括这些症状是否与大麻/大麻类药物疗效的现有治疗证据相符。2020年，26个州和华盛顿特区报告了患者数量，19个州报告了患者报告的合格条件。登记的患者总数从2016年的661,990人增加到2020年的2,974,443人，增长了4.5倍。从2016年到2020年，每10,000名总人口中的患者数量普遍增加，其中俄克拉何马州最显著(每10,000人口中有927.1名患者)。然而，在没有娱乐合法化的州(即仅限医疗的州)，入学人数增加了，而在娱乐合法化的州(即娱乐州)，入学人数下降了5/7。2020年，68.2%的患者报告的合格条件具有实质性或确凿的治疗价值证据，而2016年这一比例为84.6%。2020年，慢性疼痛是患者报告的最常见的合格疾病(60.6%)，其次是创伤后应激障碍(10.6%)和多发性硬化症(4.8%)。缺少州数据；缺乏停止发放医用大麻许可证的理由。从2016年到2020年，医用大麻项目的注册人数增加了4.5倍，尽管娱乐州的注册人数减少了。对没有强有力证据的情况/症状的使用从2016年的15.4%增加到2020年的31.4%。需要深思熟虑的监管和临床战略来有效管理这一快速变化的格局。
Cannabis policy liberalization has increased cannabis availability for medical or recreational purposes. Up-to-date trends in medical cannabis licensure can inform clinical policy and care. To describe recent trends in medical cannabis licensure in the US. Ecological study with repeated measures. State registry data via state reports and data requests on medical cannabis licensure from 2016–2020. Medical cannabis patients (people with medical cannabis licenses) in the US. Total patient volume, patients per 10,000 of total population, and patient-reported qualifying conditions (i.e., symptoms/conditions qualifying patients for licensure) – including whether these symptoms align with current therapeutic evidence of cannabis/cannabinoid efficacy. In 2020, 26 states and Washington DC reported patient numbers, and 19 states reported patient-reported qualifying conditions. Total enrolled patients increased 4.5-fold from 661,990 in 2016 to 2,974,443 in 2020. Patients per 10,000 total population generally increased from 2016–2020, most dramatically in Oklahoma (927.1 patients per 10,000 population). However, enrollment increased in states without recreational legalization (i.e., medical only states), while enrollment decreased in 5/7 with recreational legalization (i.e., recreational states). In 2020, 68.2% of patient-reported qualifying conditions had substantial or conclusive evidence of therapeutic value vs. 84.6% in 2016. Chronic pain was the most common patient-reported qualifying condition in 2020 (60.6%), followed by post-traumatic stress disorder (10.6%) and multiple sclerosis (4.8%). Missing state data; lack of rationale for discontinuing medical cannabis licensure. Enrollment in medical cannabis programs increased 4.5-fold from 2016 to 2020, although enrollment decreased in recreational states. Use for conditions/symptoms without a strong evidence basis increased from 15.4% (2016) to 31.4% (2020). Thoughtful regulatory and clinical strategies are needed to effectively manage this rapidly changing landscape.