Embodied carbon in construction materials: a framework for quantifying data quality in EPDs
Embodied carbon in construction materials: a framework for quantifying data quality in EPDs
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建筑材料中的隐含碳：EPD 数据质量量化框架
DOI：
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发表时间：
2020
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
K. Simonen
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
B. Waldman;Monica Huang;K. Simonen
碳排放是建筑物温室气体（GHG）排放的重要组成部分，是建筑和真实的房地产行业的关键挑战。碳排放包括建筑产品制造、建筑施工、材料更换和寿命终止。在规范和采购阶段，设计师和承包商有机会优先考虑碳足迹较低的产品。环境产品声明（EPD）是建筑产品市场中越来越多的环境数据来源，并且越来越多地用于（1）建筑物的环境性能评估和（2）建筑设计后期采购决策的产品比较。识别和购买低碳产品的一个障碍是缺乏数据质量和EPD的透明度。然而，EPD在数据质量和特异性方面差异很大，这可能导致不准确和误导性的比较。提出了一种新的方法来定量地估计EPD的基础数据特异性的变化，使EPD之间的比较更加公平，并激励EPD的实际变化和不确定性的报告。此方法的应用可以帮助购买者定量评估EPD。实践相关性生命周期评估（LCA）和LCA数据可用于建筑行业，以评估建筑物，并协助设计、规范和采购决策。提出了一种新的方法，以支持在规格和采购阶段的功能等效材料和产品的可比性评估。考虑到EPD内的已知变化和缺乏精密度，该方法提供了与EPD精密度的定性解释相关的定量指标。任何使用EPD数据在规格和采购阶段进行产品比较的人都可以使用这种方法：在功能等同的选项之间进行比较时，它为选择低碳材料或产品选项提供了更大的信心。它可以激励产品制造商和LCA从业人员提高数据质量，并透明地报告其EPD中的已知变化。它还可能促使制造商减少其产品和工艺中的温室气体。
Embodied carbon constitutes a significant portion of a building’s greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions and is a key challenge for the construction and real estate sectors. Embodied carbon includes construction product manufacturing, building construction, material replacement and end of life. During the specification and procurement stage, designers and contractors have the opportunity to prioritize products with lower carbon footprints. Environmental product declarations (EPDs) are a growing source of environmental data in the construction products market, and are increasingly being used for (1) environmental performance assessment of buildings and (2) product comparison for procurement decisions during the later stages of building design. An obstacle to identifying and purchasing lower embodied carbon products is a lack of data quality and the transparency of EPDs. However, EPDs vary widely in their data quality and specificity, which can lead to inaccurate and misleading comparisons. A new method is presented to account quantitatively for estimates of variation in underlying data specificity in EPDs to enable fairer comparisons between EPDs and to motivate the reporting of actual variability and uncertainty in EPDs. The application of this approach can help purchasers to assess EPDs quantitatively. Practice relevance Life-cycle assessments (LCAs) and LCA data can be used within the construction sector to evaluate buildings and to assist in design, specification and procurement decision-making. A new method is presented to support the assessment of comparability of functionally equivalent materials and products during the specification and procurement stage. Given the known variation and lack of precision within EPDs, this method provides quantitative metrics that correlate to a qualitative interpretation of EPD precision. This method can be used by anyone who is using EPD data to make product comparisons at the specification and procurement stage: It provides more confidence in choosing low-carbon material or product options when comparing between functionally equivalent options. It can incentivize product manufacturers and LCA practitioners to improve data quality and transparently report known variation in their EPDs. It may also motivate manufacturers to reduce GHGs from their products and processes.