MECHANISMS BY WHICH CELLS OF THE OSTEOBLAST LINEAGE CONTROL OSTEOCLAST FORMATION AND ACTIVITY
MECHANISMS BY WHICH CELLS OF THE OSTEOBLAST LINEAGE CONTROL OSTEOCLAST FORMATION AND ACTIVITY
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DOI：
10.1002/jcb.240560312
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发表时间：
1994-11-01
影响因子：
4
通讯作者：
NG, KW
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
MARTIN, TJ;NG, KW
骨细胞有两种谱系，成骨细胞来自多能间充质细胞，破骨细胞来自单核细胞-巨噬细胞系的造血前体细胞。多核破骨细胞对骨的再吸收需要新的破骨细胞的产生及其活化。许多激素和细胞因子能够通过影响这些过程来促进骨吸收，但它们不直接作用于破骨细胞而实现这一点。大多数证据表明，它们的作用是由成骨细胞谱系的细胞介导的。激素和奎宁诱导的破骨细胞活化需要成骨细胞介导的证据来自于分离的破骨细胞的再吸收研究。然而，缺乏一致的证据，一个特定的“激活因子”，并提出的论点是，孤立的破骨细胞再吸收试验尚未令人信服地显示破骨细胞活化的测定。成骨细胞介导的破骨细胞活化是微环境中几个事件的结果，而不一定需要存在一个特定的，必不可少的破骨细胞激活剂。另一方面，破骨细胞分化的特异性启动子似乎确实可能是基质/成骨细胞系列细胞的产物。支持这一点的证据来自于成骨细胞/基质细胞与造血细胞共培养中破骨细胞生成的研究。支持破骨细胞可以从造血细胞发育而不需要基质干预的观点，可能是由于破骨细胞鉴定中使用的标准不同。成骨细胞和成骨细胞的更新，以及这些谱系的相互作用，是骨重建过程的核心。(C)1994 Wiley-Liss，Inc.
The cells of bone are of two lineages, the osteoblasts arising from pluri potential mesenchymal cells and osteoclasts from hemopoietic precursors of the monocyte-macrophage series. Resorption of bone by the multinucleate osteoclast requires the generation of new osteoclasts and their activation. Many hormones and cytokines are able to promote bone resorption by influencing these processes, but they achieve this without acting directly on osteoclasts. Most evidence indicates that their actions are mediated by cells of the osteoblast lineage. Evidence for hormone- and cytokine-induced activation of osteoclasts requiring the mediation of osteoblasts comes from studies of resorption by isolated osteoclasts. However, consistent evidence for a specific ''activating factor'' is lacking, and the argument is presented that the isolated osteoclast resorption assays have not been shown convincingly to be assays of osteoclast activation. The view is presented that osteoblast-mediated osteoclast activation is the result of several events in the microenvironment without necessarily requiring the existence of a specific, essential osteoclast activator. On the other hand, a specific promoter of osteoclast differentiation does seem likely to be a product of cells of the stromal/osteoblast series. Evidence in favour of this comes from studies of osteoclast generation in co-cultures of osteoblast/stromal cells with hemopoietic cells. Conflicting views, maintaining that osteoclasts can develop from hemopoietic cells without stromal intervention, might be explained by varying criteria used in identification of osteoclasts. Osteoblastic and osteoclastic renewal, and the interactions of these lineages, are central to the process of bone remodeling. (C) 1994 Wiley-Liss, Inc.