GROUP-BASED VS HOME-BASED EXERCISE TRAINING IN HEALTHY OLDER MEN AND WOMEN - A COMMUNITY-BASED CLINICAL-TRIAL
GROUP-BASED VS HOME-BASED EXERCISE TRAINING IN HEALTHY OLDER MEN AND WOMEN - A COMMUNITY-BASED CLINICAL-TRIAL
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DOI：
10.1001/jama.266.11.1535
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发表时间：
1991-09-18
影响因子：
120.7
通讯作者：
DEBUSK, RF
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
KING, AC;HASKELL, WL;DEBUSK, RF
目标。-确定在健康、久坐不动的老年人中，高强度和低强度的团体运动训练与家庭运动训练的有效性。-为期一年的随机对照试验比较(1)高强度的群体运动训练；(2)高强度居家运动训练；(3)低强度家庭运动训练；(4)仅评估控制。设置。-位于加州北部的一般社区。参与者。160名女性和197名男性，年龄在50至65岁之间，久坐不动，没有心血管疾病。通过社区随机数字拨号电话调查和全市推广联系的人中有九分之一是随机的。对于高强度的运动训练，每周进行三次40分钟的耐力训练，训练速度为跑步机心率峰值的73%至88%。对于低强度的运动训练，每周进行五次30分钟的耐力训练，规定心率为跑步机心率峰值的60%至73%。主要结果测量。-跑步机运动测试表现、运动参与率和心脏病风险因素。-与对照组相比，所有三种运动训练条件下的受试者在6个月和12个月时的跑步机运动测试表现均有显著改善（P < .03）。低强度运动训练取得了与高强度运动训练相当的变化。两种基于家庭的运动训练条件下的12个月运动坚持率优于基于团体的运动训练条件（P < .0005）。在脂质水平、体重或血压方面没有明显的训练引起的变化。我们的结论是：(1)这种以社区为基础的运动训练计划改善了久坐的健康老年人的健康状况，但没有改善心脏病风险因素；(2)在产生这些变化方面，以家庭为基础的锻炼与小组锻炼同样有效；(3)在家庭环境下，低强度运动训练与高强度运动训练效果相同；(4)运动项目相对安全。
Objective. - To determine the effectiveness of group- vs home-based exercise training of higher and lower intensities among healthy, sedentary older adults.Design. - Year-long randomized, controlled trial comparing (1) higher-intensity group-based exercise training; (2) higher-intensity home-based exercise training; (3) lower-intensity home-based exercise training; or (4) assessment-only control.Setting. - General community located in northern California.Participants. - One hundred sixty women and 197 men 50 to 65 years of age who were sedentary and free of cardiovascular disease. One out of nine persons contacted through a community random-digit-dial telephone survey and citywide promotion were randomized.Interventions. - For higher-intensity exercise training, three 40-minute endurance training sessions per week were prescribed at 73% to 88% of peak treadmill heart rate. For lower-intensity exercise training, five 30-minute endurance training sessions per week were prescribed at 60% to 73% of peak treadmill heart rate.Main Outcome Measures. - Treadmill exercise test performance, exercise participation rates, and heart disease risk factors.Results. - Compared with controls, subjects in all three exercise training conditions showed significant improvements in treadmill exercise test performance at 6 and 12 months (P < .03). Lower-intensity exercise training achieved changes comparable with those of higher-intensity exercise training. Twelve-month exercise adherence rates were better for the two home-based exercise training conditions relative to the group-based exercise training condition (P < .0005). There were no significant training-induced changes in lipid levels, weight, or blood pressure.Conclusions. - We conclude that (1) this community-based exercise training program improved fitness but not heart disease risk factors among sedentary, healthy older adults; (2) home-based exercise was as effective as group exercise in producing these changes; (3) lower-intensity exercise training was as effective as higher-intensity exercise training in the home setting; and (4) the exercise programs were relatively safe.