Associations of whole-grain, refined-grain, and fruit and vegetable consumption with risks of all-cause mortality and incident coronary artery disease and ischemic stroke: the Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities (ARIC) study
Associations of whole-grain, refined-grain, and fruit and vegetable consumption with risks of all-cause mortality and incident coronary artery disease and ischemic stroke: the Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities (ARIC) study
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DOI：
10.1093/ajcn/78.3.383
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发表时间：
2003-09-01
影响因子：
7.1
通讯作者：
Folsom, AR
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Steffen, LM;Jacobs, DR;Folsom, AR
背景资料：最近的流行病学研究结果表明，摄入大量全麦食物的受试者比摄入量低的受试者死亡和心脏病的风险更低。目的：研究动脉粥样硬化危险人群（ARIC）中全谷物、精制谷物、水果和蔬菜摄入量与总死亡率、冠状动脉疾病（CAD）和缺血性卒中发病率的关系（基线：年龄45-64岁，n = 15792）。比例风险回归分析用于评估全谷物、精制谷物、水果和蔬菜摄入量与死亡风险、CAD和缺血性卒中发病率的关系，并对年龄、性别、种族、能量摄入和心血管疾病风险因素。通过使用食物频率问卷评估饮食摄入量。结果：在11年的随访期内，全麦摄入量与总死亡率和CAD发病率呈负相关。水果和蔬菜摄入量五分位数2-5的死亡相对风险分别为1.08（95% CI：0.88，1.33）、0.94（0.75，1.17）、0.87（0.68，1.10）和0.78（0.61，1.01）;趋势P = 0.02。在非裔美国人中观察到水果和蔬菜摄入量与CAD之间的负相关，但在白人中没有观察到（P = 0.01）。缺血性中风的风险并没有显着相关的全谷物，精制谷物，或水果和蔬菜consumption.Conclusion：这些观察结果表明，全谷物和水果和蔬菜消费的总死亡率和冠心病的风险，但不是缺血性中风的风险有益的影响。
Background: Recent epidemiologic study results showed that subjects who had high intakes of whole-grain foods had lower risks of death and heart disease than did subjects who had low intakes. However, the findings were inconsistent for fruit and vegetable intake.Objective: The relations of whole-grain, refined-grain, and fruit and vegetable intakes with the risk of total mortality and the incidence of coronary artery disease (CAD) and ischemic stroke were studied in the Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities (ARIC) cohort (baseline: age 45-64 y, n = 15792).Design: Proportional hazards regression analyses were used to assess the relations of whole-grain, refined-grain, and fruit and vegetable intakes with the risk of death and the incidence of CAD and ischemic stroke, with adjustment for age, sex, ethnicity, energy intake, and cardiovascular disease risk factors. Dietary intakes were assessed by using a food-frequency questionnaire.Results: Over an 11-y follow-up period, whole-grain intake was inversely associated with total mortality and incident CAD. The relative hazards of death for quintiles 2-5 of fruit and vegetable intake were 1.08 (95% CI: 0.88, 1.33), 0.94 (0.75, 1.17), 0.87 (0.68, 1.10), and 0.78 (0.61, 1.01), respectively; P for trend = 0.02. An inverse association between fruit and vegetable intake and CAD was observed among African Americans but not among whites (P for interaction = 0.01). The risk of ischemic stroke was not significantly related to whole-grain, refined-grain, or fruit and vegetable consumption.Conclusion: These observational findings suggest a beneficial effect of whole-grain and fruit and vegetable consumption on the risks of total mortality and incident CAD but not on the risk of ischemic stroke.