Response of marine microbial communities to anthropogenic stress
Response of marine microbial communities to anthropogenic stress
复制标题
DOI：
10.1023/a:1009971414055
复制
发表时间：
2000-03-01
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Ford, Timothy Edgcumbe
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Ford, Timothy Edgcumbe
海洋微生物群落迅速适应不断变化的环境条件，包括人为压力。适应涉及一系列广泛的战略，包括（a）形成抗性、休眠阶段，（B）启动修复机制，（c）固定有毒化学品，（d）主动将化学品运出细胞，（e）将污染化学品用作碳源或能源，（f）将污染物转化为毒性较小或挥发性较大的形式。适应性反应通常是质粒或染色体介导的，并通过诱导或去抑制多种生化途径来控制。在分子水平上对微生物群落反应的表征提供了污染物暴露的生物标志物，这反过来又可用于提供生态系统健康的总体情况。本文将讨论微生物与环境污染物之间的相互作用以及微生物生物标志物在评估微生物生态系统健康方面的潜在用途。
Marine microbial communities adapt rapidly to changing environmental conditions, including anthropogenic stress. Adaptation involves a wide range of strategies, including, (a) formation of resistant, dormant stages, (b) initiation of repair mechanisms, (c) immobilization of toxic chemicals, (d) active transport of chemicals out of the cell, (e) use of contaminant chemicals as carbon or energy sources, and (f) transformation of contaminants to less toxic or more volatile forms. Adaptation responses are generally plasmid- or chromosomally-mediated and controlled through induction or derepression of a variety of biochemical pathways. Characterization of microbial community responses at the molecular level provides biomarkers of contaminant exposure which in turn may be used to provide an overall picture of ecosystem health. This review will discuss the interactions between microorganisms and environmental contaminants and the potential use of microbial biomarkers to assess the health of the microbial ecosystem.