Disentangling the Environment in Wildlife Microbiome-Behaviour Interactions: Response to Davidson et al.
Disentangling the Environment in Wildlife Microbiome-Behaviour Interactions: Response to Davidson et al.
复制标题
解开野生动物微生物组与行为相互作用中的环境：对戴维森等人的回应。
DOI：
10.1016/j.tree.2020.11.008
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发表时间：
2020
影响因子：
16.8
通讯作者：
E. Flies
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Hanh K. D. Nguyen;P. Jones;D. Kendal;E. Flies
越来越多的证据表明，肠道微生物群对动物的生理和行为有强烈的影响。戴维森等人最近在《树》杂志上发表文章，呼吁研究自由生活野生动物的肠道微生物群与行为之间的关系，以更好地理解行为可塑性的机制和进化。他们为研究微生物组介导的行为提供了一个框架，包括微生物组操纵来推断因果关系。虽然作者认识到环境影响肠道微生物组和行为，但我们认为他们提出的框架没有充分捕捉环境-微生物组-行为联系的复杂性和多样性。正如我们所说，任何对自由生活野生动物肠道微生物群和行为之间联系的研究都需要从更全面的角度来看待环境在塑造肠道微生物群、行为及其相互作用方面的作用。在讨论与肠道微生物群-行为相互作用相关的“环境因素”时，Davidson等人主要关注饮食和季节。然而，自然环境的生物和非生物特征通过其他重要途径影响动物的肠道微生物群和行为。最重要的是，环境微生物组（即在土壤、空气、水和环境表面中发现的微生物）塑造了包括人类在内的脊椎动物肠道微生物组的组成。实验证明了这一点；例如，暴露在土壤中的猪（Sus scrofa domesticus）[3]和小鼠（Mus musus）[4]的肠道微生物群比暴露在传统寝具中的动物更多样化。在自然系统中，与饮食无关的栖息地特征也被证明会影响野生动物肠道微生物群的组成，例如天鹅（Anser cygnoides）和美洲白鹮（Eudocimus albus）[5,6]。最后，环境微生物组已被证明对小鼠肠道微生物组和行为都有影响。在人工环境中对肠道微生物群行为途径的任何探索都不太可能轻易转化为野生动物种群，
There is growing evidence that the gut microbiome strongly influences animal physiology and behaviour. In their recent article in TREE, Davidson et al.[1] call for research into the relationship between the gut microbiome and behaviour in free-living wildlife to better understand the mechanisms and evolution of behavioural plasticity. They provide a framework for investigating microbiome-mediated behaviour, including microbiome manipulation to infer causality. While the authors recognise that the environment influences both gut microbiomes and behaviours, we suggest that their proposed framework does not adequately capture the complexity and multiplicity of environment–microbiome–behaviour links. As we argue, any examination of the links between the gut microbiome and behaviour in free-living wildlife demands a more holistic perspective of the role of the environment in shaping gut microbiomes, behaviours, and their interactions.When discussing the ‘environmental factors’ relevant to gut microbiome–behaviour interactions, Davidson et al.[1] largely focus on diet and season. Yet, there are other important pathways through which the biotic and abiotic features of the natural environment affect both the gut microbiome and behaviours of animals. Most importantly, the environmental microbiome (ie, the microbes found in soil, air, water, and surfaces of the environment) shapes the composition of the gut microbiome of vertebrate animals, including humans [2]. This was demonstrated experimentally; for example, pigs (Sus scrofa domesticus)[3] and mice (Mus musculus)[4] exposed to soil had more diverse gut microbiomes compared with animals exposed to traditional bedding. In natural systems, characteristics of habitats, independent of diet, have also been demonstrated to influence the composition of gut microbiomes in wild animals, for example, in swan geese (Anser cygnoides) and American white ibis (Eudocimus albus)[5, 6]. Finally, environmental microbiomes have been shown to impact both the gut microbiome and behaviour in mice [7]. Any explorations of the gut microbiome–behaviour pathway in artificial environments are unlikely to translate easily to wild animal populations,