Breeding southern house wrens exhibit a threat-sensitive response when exposed to different predator models
Breeding southern house wrens exhibit a threat-sensitive response when exposed to different predator models
复制标题
当暴露于不同的捕食者模型时，繁殖的南方家鹪鹩表现出对威胁敏感的反应
作者：
Natalia M. Duré Ruiz;Mariana Fasanella;G. J. Fernández
我们评估了南方家弗伦斯（穴居aedon musculus）的能力，以识别和区分不同的猛禽。我们将筑巢的鸟类暴露在两种同域捕食者物种的标本中，即Chimango caracara（Milvago chimango，一种巢捕食者）和路边鹰（Buteo magnirostris，一种成年人和巢的捕食者），以及一种非同域捕食者的假人，双齿风筝（Harpagus bidentatus，一种成年人的捕食者）。筑巢的弗伦斯避免进入他们的巢或需要更长的时间来恢复他们的父母的职责时，暴露于掠食者比当他们暴露于一个控制假人（红腹小蠹，同域黑鸟）。巢回避较高时，鸟类暴露于路边鹰，但没有发现差异时，暴露于chimango caracara或双齿风筝。结果表明，南部的弗伦斯能够识别捕食者，以分级的方式作出反应。我们的研究结果支持的假设，即南方弗伦斯在繁殖过程中表现出威胁敏感的反应。此外，个人能够认识到未知的捕食者，但未能正确评估的威胁水平所代表的it.We建议，正确评估的威胁水平由家弗伦斯需要直接的经验与捕食者，这可能会调解调制的反应。
We assessed the ability of southern house wrens (Troglodytes aedon musculus) to recognize and discriminate different birds of prey. We exposed nesting birds to stuffed specimens of two sympatric predator species, the chimango caracara (Milvago chimango, a nest predator) and the roadside hawk (Buteo magnirostris, a predator of adults and nests), and to a dummy of a non-sympatric predator, the double-toothed kite (Harpagus bidentatus, a predator of adults). Nesting wrens avoided going into their nest or took a longer time to resume their parental duties when exposed to the predators than when they were exposed to a control dummy (Chrysomus ruficapillus, a sympatric blackbird). Nest avoidance was higher when birds were exposed to the roadside hawk but no differences were detected when exposed to the chimango caracara or the double-toothed kite. The results indicate that southern house wrens are able to recognize a predator, responding in a graded manner. Our findings support the hypothesis that southern house wrens exhibit a threat-sensitive response during breeding. Also, individuals were able to recognize the unknown predator but failed to correctly assess the threat level represented by it. We propose that correct assessment of threat level by house wrens requires direct experience with the predator, which might mediate in the modulation of the response.