COMPARISON OF MONOUNSATURATED FATTY-ACIDS AND CARBOHYDRATES FOR LOWERING PLASMA-CHOLESTEROL
COMPARISON OF MONOUNSATURATED FATTY-ACIDS AND CARBOHYDRATES FOR LOWERING PLASMA-CHOLESTEROL
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DOI：
10.1056/nejm198603203141204
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发表时间：
1986-03-20
影响因子：
158.5
通讯作者：
GRUNDY, SM
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
GRUNDY, SM
为了检查膳食脂肪酸和碳水化合物对血浆脂质和脂蛋白的影响，11名患者的平均血浆总胆固醇水平为251 ± 0.01。在代谢病房研究了每分升10毫克的三个饮食阶段，每个阶段持续四周。将富含单不饱和脂肪酸的液体饮食（“高单”）和低脂肪饮食（“低脂肪”）与高饱和脂肪酸饮食（“高饱和”）进行比较。高饱和度和高单一饮食含有40%的脂肪和43%的碳水化合物;低脂饮食含有20%的脂肪和63%的碳水化合物。通过调整总热量摄入量保持体重恒定。与高饱和饮食相比，高单一和低脂饮食都降低了血浆总胆固醇（分别为13%和8%）和低密度脂蛋白胆固醇（分别为21%和15%）。与高饱和饮食相比，低脂饮食可提高甘油三酯水平，显著降低血浆高密度脂蛋白胆固醇。相比之下，高单一饮食对甘油三酯或高密度脂蛋白胆固醇水平没有影响。低密度脂蛋白胆固醇与高密度脂蛋白胆固醇的比率也显著低于高单一饮食，而不是低脂饮食。因此，在短期研究中，其中使用液体饮食和体重保持不变，富含单不饱和脂肪酸的饮食似乎至少与低脂肪和高碳水化合物的饮食一样有效地降低血浆胆固醇。
To examine the effects of dietary fatty acids and carbohydrate on plasma lipids and lipoproteins, 11 patients with a mean plasma total cholesterol level of 251 .+-. 10 mg per deciliter were studied on a metabolic ward during three dietary periods, each lasting four weeks. A liquid diet rich in monounsaturated fatty acids ("High-Mono") and a diet low in fat ("Low-Fat") were compared with a diet high in saturated fatty acids ("High-Sat"). The High-Sat and High-Mono diets contained 40 percent of their total calories as fat and 43 percent as carbohydrate; the Low-Fat diet had 20 percent fat and 63 percent carbohydrate. Body weight was kept constant by adjusting total caloric intake. As compared with the High-Sat diet, both the High-Mono and Low-Fat diets lowered plasma total cholesterol (by 13 percent and 8 percent, respectively) and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (by 21 percent and 15 percent, respectively). As compared with the High-Sat diet, the Low-Fat diet raised triglyceride levels and significantly reduced plasma high-density lipoprotein cholesterol. In contrast, the High-Mono diet had no effect on levels of triglycerides or high-density lipoprotein cholesterol. The ratio of low-density to high-density lipoprotein cholesterol was also significantly lower when the High-Mono diet rather than the Low-Fat diet was followed. Therefore, in short-term studies in which liquid diets are used and body weight is kept constant, a diet rich in monounsaturated fatty acids appears to be at least as effective in lowering plasma cholesterol as a diet low in fat and high in carbohydate.