Differential effects of dietary saturated and trans-fatty acids on expression of genes associated with insulin sensitivity in rat adipose tissue
Differential effects of dietary saturated and trans-fatty acids on expression of genes associated with insulin sensitivity in rat adipose tissue
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DOI：
10.1530/eje.1.01946
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发表时间：
2005-07-01
影响因子：
5.8
通讯作者：
Ghafoorunissa
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Saravanan, N;Haseeb, A;Ghafoorunissa
目的：反式脂肪酸（TFA）是在植物油部分氢化过程中形成的，并且比饱和脂肪酸（SFAs）更容易导致动脉粥样硬化。我们之前的研究表明，饮食中的 TFA 比 SFA 更能降低大鼠脂肪组织的胰岛素敏感性。我们假设这些脂肪酸对胰岛素敏感性的影响可以通过基因表达的改变来介导。在当前的研究中，我们研究了膳食TFA或SFA对大鼠脂肪组织中与胰岛素敏感性相关的基因表达的影响。 设计和方法：将雄性断奶Wistar/NIN大鼠分为四组，并喂食下列仅脂肪酸组成不同的10％脂肪（g/100g饮食）之一的饮食3个月：对照饮食（3.7％亚油酸（LA））、SFA饮食（5％SFA）、TFA饮食 1（1.5% TFA + 1% LA）和 TFA 饮食 2（1.5% TFA + 2% LA）。使用 RT-PCR 分析附睾脂肪中过氧化物酶体增殖物激活受体 γ (PPAR γ)、脂蛋白脂肪酶 (LPL)、葡萄糖转运蛋白 4 (GLUT4)、抵抗素和脂联素的 mRNA 表达。在 LA 的两个水平上研究了 TFA 的作用，以了解 LA 相对于 TFA 的有益作用。结果：膳食 SFA 和 TFA 均上调抵抗素的 mRNA 水平。膳食 SFA 下调脂联素和 GLUT4，上调 LPL，而 TFA 下调 PPAR γ 和 LPL。膳食TFA对PPARγ和抵抗素的影响并不能通过增加LA来抵消（TFA饮食2）。结论：SFA对除PPARγ之外的上述基因的影响可以推断为胰岛素敏感性降低，而只有PPARγ和抵抗素mRNA水平的改变可能与TFA喂养的大鼠的胰岛素抵抗有关。这些发现表明，饮食中的 SFA 和 TFA 会改变脂肪组织中与胰岛素敏感性相关的不同基因的表达。
Objective: Trans-fatty acids (TFAs) are formed during partial hydrogenation of vegetable oils and are shown to be more atherogenic than saturated fatty acids (SFAs). Our previous study showed that dietary TFAs decrease adipose tissue insulin sensitivity to a greater extent than SFAs in rats. We hypothesized that the effects of these fatty acids on insulin sensitivity could be mediated through an alteration in gene expression. In the current study we have investigated the effects of dietary TFAs or SFAs on expression of genes associated with insulin sensitivity in rat adipose tissue.Design and methods: Male weanling Wistar/NIN rats were divided into four groups and fed one of the following diets containing 10% fat (g/100g diet) differing only in the fatty acid composition for 3 months: control diet (3.7% linoleic acid (LA)), SFA diet (5% SFA), TFA diet 1 (1.5% TFA + 1% LA) and TFA diet 2 (1.5% TFA + 2% LA). The mRNA expression of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma (PPAR gamma), lipoprotein lipase (LPL), glucose transporter-4 (GLUT4), resistin and adiponectin was analyzed in epididymal fat using RT-PCR. The effects of TFA were studied at two levels of LA to understand the beneficial effects of LA over the effects of TFA.Results: Both dietary SFA and TFA upregulated the mRNA levels of resistin. Dietary SFA downregulated adiponectin and GLUT4 and upregulated LPL, while TFA downregulated PPAR gamma and LPL. The effects of dietary TFA on PPAR gamma and resistin were not counteracted by increased LA (TFA diet 2).Conclusion: The effects of SFAs on the aforementioned genes except PPAR gamma could be extrapolated towards decreased insulin sensitivity, while only the alteration in the mRNA levels of PPAR gamma and resistin could be associated with insulin resistance in TFA-fed rats. These findings suggest that dietary SFAs and TFAs alter the expression of different genes associated with insulin sensitivity in adipose tissue.