The Intergenerational Transmission of Anxiety: A Children-of-Twins Study
The Intergenerational Transmission of Anxiety: A Children-of-Twins Study
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DOI：
10.1176/appi.ajp.2015.14070818
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发表时间：
2015-07-01
影响因子：
17.7
通讯作者：
Neiderhiser, Jenae M.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Eley, Thalia C.;McAdams, Tom. A.;Neiderhiser, Jenae M.
目的：焦虑在家庭中的传播是公认的，但其潜在的过程知之甚少。对青少年焦虑的双胞胎研究表明遗传和环境的影响，以及养育子女的多个方面与后代焦虑有关。到目前为止，双胞胎的孩子的设计还没有被用来评估的相对贡献的遗传传递相比，直接传输的焦虑从父母到他们的children.Method：焦虑和神经质的措施完成了385单卵和486双卵同性双胞胎家庭（37%的男性双胞胎对家庭）的双胞胎和后代在瑞典的研究。结构方程模型测试的存在下，从一代到下一代的遗传和环境transmission.Results：为焦虑和神经质，该模型提供了支持显着的直接环境传输从父母到他们的青少年后代。相比之下，没有证据表明显着的遗传transmission.Conclusions：父母和后代的焦虑之间的关联很大程度上是因为父母和他们的孩子之间的直接关联独立的遗传confounds。缺乏遗传传递可能反映了这些特征在青春期和成年期的遗传效应不同。直接的环境传播与焦虑的发展理论相一致，这表明儿童和青少年通过一些途径（如模仿）从父母那里学习焦虑行为。未来的分析应结合联合收割机的双胞胎子女的数据与儿童双胞胎的数据，以检查是否这种直接影响只代表父母对后代的影响，或者它是否也包括儿童/青少年的焦虑引起父母的焦虑。
Objective: The transmission of anxiety within families is well recognized, but the underlying processes are poorly understood. Twin studies of adolescent anxiety demonstrate both genetic and environmental influence, and multiple aspects of parenting are associated with offspring anxiety. To date, the children-of-twins design has not been used to evaluate the relative contributions of genetic transmission compared with direct transmission of anxiety from parents to their offspring.Method: Anxiety and neuroticism measures were completed by 385 monozygotic and 486 dizygotic same-sex twin families (37% male twin pair families) from the Twin and Offspring Study in Sweden. Structural equation models tested for the presence of both genetic and environmental transmission from one generation to the next.Results: For both anxiety and neuroticism, the models provide support for significant direct environmental transmission from parents to their adolescent offspring. In contrast, there was no evidence of significant genetic transmission.Conclusions: The association between parental and offspring anxiety largely arises because of a direct association between parents and their children independent of genetic confounds. The lack of genetic transmission may reflect there being different genetic effects on these traits in adolescence and adulthood. Direct environmental transmission is in line with developmental theories of anxiety suggesting that children and adolescents learn anxious behaviors from their parents through a number of pathways such as modeling. Future analyses should combine children-of-twins data with child twin data in order to examine whether this direct effect solely represents parental influences on the offspring or whether it also includes child/adolescent anxiety evoking parental anxiety.