Community-acquired Clostridium difficile infection: an increasing public health threat.
Community-acquired Clostridium difficile infection: an increasing public health threat.
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DOI：
10.2147/idr.s46780
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发表时间：
2014
影响因子：
3.9
通讯作者：
Khanna S
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Gupta A;Khanna S
在过去的十年中，世界范围内艰难梭菌感染的流行病学发生了惊人的变化，现在越来越多地被认为是社区腹泻的原因。传统上被认为是一种医院获得性感染，现在已经出现在以前被认为是低风险和缺乏C的传统风险因素的人群中。艰难感染，如年龄增加，住院治疗和抗生素暴露。近年来的研究表明，C. difficile，指向不同的来源和流体基因组。除了有症状的患者和无症状的携带者在孢子传播中发挥的作用外，食物、水和动物等环境来源可能在这些感染中发挥重要作用。使用高度区分性的技术进行前瞻性菌株分型是探索可疑的C.社区内的艰难感染。社区获得性C.艰难梭菌感染不一定有良好的结果，临床医生应该意识到预测更糟糕结果的因素，以预防它们。本文总结了社区获得性丙肝的流行病学、危险因素和预后。艰难感染
There has been a startling shift in the epidemiology of Clostridium difficile infection over the last decade worldwide, and it is now increasingly recognized as a cause of diarrhea in the community. Classically considered a hospital-acquired infection, it has now emerged in populations previously considered to be low-risk and lacking the traditional risk factors for C. difficile infection, such as increased age, hospitalization, and antibiotic exposure. Recent studies have demonstrated great genetic diversity for C. difficile, pointing toward diverse sources and a fluid genome. Environmental sources like food, water, and animals may play an important role in these infections, apart from the role symptomatic patients and asymptomatic carriers play in spore dispersal. Prospective strain typing using highly discriminatory techniques is a possible way to explore the suspected diverse sources of C. difficile infection in the community. Patients with community-acquired C. difficile infection do not necessarily have a good outcome and clinicians should be aware of factors that predict worse outcomes in order to prevent them. This article summarizes the emerging epidemiology, risk factors, and outcomes for community-acquired C. difficile infection.