The University of Michigan Implements a Hub-and-Spoke Design to Accommodate Social Distancing in the Campus Bus System Under COVID-19 Restrictions
The University of Michigan Implements a Hub-and-Spoke Design to Accommodate Social Distancing in the Campus Bus System Under COVID-19 Restrictions
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DOI：
10.1287/inte.2022.1131
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发表时间：
2022-08
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
Gongyu Chen;Xinyu Fei;Huiwen Jia;Xian Yu;Siqian Shen
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作者：
Gongyu Chen;Xinyu Fei;Huiwen Jia;Xian Yu;Siqian Shen
2019冠状病毒病（COVID-19）的爆发为学校和社区在疫情期间带来了重大挑战，需要政策制定者确保安全和运营可行性。在本文中，我们开发了混合整数规划模型和模拟工具，以重新设计路线和公交时刻表，用于在COVID-19大流行期间运营真实的大学校园公交系统。我们提出了一个轴辐式的设计，并利用学生活动的真实的数据来确定新路线中使用的枢纽位置和巴士站。为减少通过呼气气溶胶传播疾病，我们设计了新的巴士路线，行程少于15分钟，并使用最多50%的座位容量和与疫情前相同的巴士数量运营。我们采样了各种场景，包括高峰需求的变化，社会距离的要求，和巴士故障，以证明通过模拟的新路线和时间表的系统弹性。新巴士路线已于2020-2021学年实施及使用，以确保保持社交距离及缩短行车时间。我们的方法可以推广到重新设计公共交通系统的社会距离的要求，以减少乘客的感染风险。
The outbreak of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has led to significant challenges for schools and communities during the pandemic, requiring policy makers to ensure both safety and operational feasibility. In this paper, we develop mixed-integer programming models and simulation tools to redesign routes and bus schedules for operating a real university campus bus system during the COVID-19 pandemic. We propose a hub-and-spoke design and utilize real data of student activities to identify hub locations and bus stops to be used in the new routes. To reduce disease transmission via expiratory aerosol, we design new bus routes that are shorter than 15 minutes to travel and operate using at most 50% seat capacity and the same number of buses before the pandemic. We sample a variety of scenarios that cover variations of peak demand, social distancing requirements, and bus breakdowns to demonstrate the system resiliency of the new routes and schedules via simulation. The new bus routes were implemented and used during the academic year 2020–2021 to ensure social distancing and short travel time. Our approach can be generalized to redesign public transit systems with a social distancing requirement to reduce passengers’ infection risk.