Changing of crop species and agricultural practices from the Late Neolithic to the Bronze Age in the Zhengluo region, China
Changing of crop species and agricultural practices from the Late Neolithic to the Bronze Age in the Zhengluo region, China
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DOI：
10.1007/s12520-019-00915-3
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发表时间：
2019-08
影响因子：
2.2
通讯作者：
Jingping An-;Wiebke Kirleis;G. Jin
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Jingping An-;Wiebke Kirleis;G. Jin
本文采用半定量的代表性指数法和多元统计的对应分析方法，对郑洛地区17个遗址的烧焦植物遗骸进行了收集和分析。这为了解该地区约公元前2500年至公元前1046年的作物光谱和作物耕作方式的变化提供了有益的视角。龙山时期以水稻为次优势，新寨和二里头时期则多种植耐旱的黍；然而，大米的重要性在二里头时期再次上升，特别是在一些中部定居点和小麦见证了显著增加在商朝。结合可耕种杂草的生态信息，我们可以得出结论，自青铜时代以来，农业技术在农业中发挥了更重要的作用。在青铜器时代，精细的灌溉系统、施肥实践和穗状储存方法可能保证了农作物的稳定生产和保存，特别是一些中部聚落的水稻。
An assemblage of charred plant remains from 17 sites in the Zhengluo region has been collected and analyzed with a semi-quantitative method representative index and also with a multivariate statistical method correspondence analysis for this article. It provides a useful perspective for the understanding of the changing in the crop spectrum and crop husbandry practices from ca. 2500 BC to 1046 BC in this region. In the Longshan period, rice was subdominant while more dry-resistant broomcorn millet was cultivated during the Xinzhai and Erlitou periods; however, the importance of rice rose again in the Erlitou period, especially stood out in some central settlements and wheat witnessed a remarkable increase in the Shang period. Combined with the ecological information from arable weeds, it might conclude that agricultural techniques played a much more important role in farming since the Bronze Age. It is possible that in the Bronze Age, elaborate irrigation system, fertilizer practice, and spikelet-form storage method guaranteed the stable production and the preservation of crops, especially rice in some of the central settlements.