The development of postinstitutionalized versus parent-reared Russian children as a function of age at placement and family type
The development of postinstitutionalized versus parent-reared Russian children as a function of age at placement and family type
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DOI：
10.1017/s0954579415000425
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发表时间：
2016-02-01
影响因子：
3.3
通讯作者：
Julian, Megan M.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
McCall, Robert B.;Muhamedrahimov, Rifkat J.;Julian, Megan M.
共有149名儿童在俄罗斯机构中平均度过了13.8个月，他们被转移到俄罗斯亲属和非亲属家庭，平均年龄为24.7个月。在这些家庭中居住至少 1 年（平均 = 43.2 个月）后，父母报告了他们在 1.5-10.7 岁时的依恋、不加区别的友好行为、社交情感能力、问题行为和努力控制。他们与 83 名俄罗斯非收容儿童父母进行了比较，这些儿童从出生起就被他们抚养长大。一般来说，在大多数指标上，收容机构儿童的评分与父母养育的儿童相似，这与过渡到家庭后儿童通常表现出的大幅追赶性成长一致。然而，在幼儿期的某些能力和一些注意力技能方面，收容机构儿童的评分比父母养育的儿童更差。与家庭安置时的年龄或家庭是否是亲属或非亲属相关的系统性差异相对较小。俄罗斯父母养育的孩子被认为比美国标准化样本有更多的问题行为，这引起了对跨文化使用标准的警惕。
A total of 149 children, who spent an average of 13.8 months in Russian institutions, were transferred to Russian families of relatives and nonrelatives at an average age of 24.7 months. After residing in these families for at least 1 year (average = 43.2 months), parents reported on their attachment, indiscriminately friendly behavior, social-emotional competencies, problem behaviors, and effortful control when they were 1.5-10.7 years of age. They were compared to a sample of 83 Russian parents of noninstitutionalized children, whom they had reared from birth. Generally, institutionalized children were rated similarly to parent-reared children on most measures, consistent with substantial catch-up growth typically displayed by children after transitioning to families. However, institutionalized children were rated more poorly than parent-reared children on certain competencies in early childhood and some attentional skills. There were relatively few systematic differences associated with age at family placement or whether the families were relatives or nonrelatives. Russian parent-reared children were rated as having more problem behaviors than the US standardization sample, which raises cautions about using standards cross-culturally.