Epidemiology and Clinical Manifestations of Mucormycosis
Epidemiology and Clinical Manifestations of Mucormycosis
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DOI：
10.1093/cid/cir866
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发表时间：
2012-02-01
影响因子：
11.8
通讯作者：
Kontoyiannis, Dimitrios P.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Petrikkos, George;Skiada, Anna;Kontoyiannis, Dimitrios P.
毛霉菌病是一种由接合菌纲毛霉目丝状真菌引起的血管侵袭性感染。毛霉菌病已成为继念珠菌病和曲霉菌病之后第三大常见的侵袭性真菌病。毛霉菌病也仍然是西方世界糖尿病患者的威胁。此外，在最近的发达国家，如印度，这种疾病越来越多地被认识到，主要是在患有不受控制的糖尿病或创伤的患者中。关于这类真菌病的流行病学资料很少。因此，我们确定疾病负担的能力有限。根据解剖学定位，毛霉菌病可分为6种形式之一：（1）鼻脑型，（2）肺型，（3）皮肤型，（4）胃肠道型，（5）播散型和（6）不常见型。基础疾病可能会影响临床表现和结果。本文综述了毛霉菌病的流行病学和临床表现。
Mucormycosis is an emerging angioinvasive infection caused by the ubiquitous filamentous fungi of the Mucorales order of the class of Zygomycetes. Mucormycosis has emerged as the third most common invasive mycosis in order of importance after candidiasis and aspergillosis in patients with hematological and allogeneic stem cell transplantation. Mucormycosis also remains a threat in patients with diabetes mellitus in the Western world. Furthermore, this disease is increasingly recognized in recently developed countries, such as India, mainly in patients with uncontrolled diabetes or trauma. Epidemiological data on this type of mycosis are scant. Therefore, our ability to determine the burden of disease is limited. Based on anatomic localization, mucormycosis can be classified as one of 6 forms: (1) rhinocerebral, (2) pulmonary, (3) cutaneous, (4) gastrointestinal, (5) disseminated, and (6) uncommon presentations. The underlying conditions can influence clinical presentation and outcome. This review describes the emerging epidemiology and the clinical manifestations of mucormycosis.