Topological superconductivity in hybrid devices
Topological superconductivity in hybrid devices
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DOI：
10.1038/s41567-020-0925-6
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发表时间：
2020-07-01
期刊：
影响因子：
19.6
通讯作者：
Sau, J. D.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Frolov, S. M.;Manfra, M. J.;Sau, J. D.
超导体和半导体纳米线的混合器件可以是拓扑的和主马约拉纳的。本文概述了该领域的现状，并强调了材料科学需要取得的进展。拓扑超导性可以从金属中的常规超导性和半导体中的强自旋轨道耦合的组合中产生，当它们被制成混合器件时。拓扑超导性最令人兴奋的表现是马约拉纳零模式，预计存在于近端纳米线的两端。在这个角度来看，我们审查了马约拉纳零模式的存在，积累了大量的实验和剩余的不确定性的证据，并讨论了什么额外的证据是可取的。未来发展的一个非常重要的因素是超导体和半导体之间的界面质量;我们勾勒出这些界面的材料科学的进一步进展可以带我们去哪里。然后，我们讨论了将这些模式应用于拓扑保护量子计算和基于相同材料平台观察更奇异的超导性的途径，以及如何与高能物理学建立联系。
Hybrid devices of superconductors and semiconductor nanowires may be topological and host majorana. This Perspective summarizes the current situation of the field, and highlights the developments in materials science required to make progress.Topological superconductivity can emerge from the combination of conventional superconductivity in a metal and strong spin-orbit coupling in a semiconductor when they are made into a hybrid device. The most exciting manifestation of topological superconductivity is the Majorana zero modes that are predicted to exist at the ends of the proximatized nanowires. In this Perspective, we review the evidence for the existence of Majorana zero modes that has accumulated in numerous experiments and the remaining uncertainties, and discuss what additional evidence is desirable. One very important factor for future development is the quality of the interface between the superconductor and semiconductor; we sketch out where further progress in the materials science of these interfaces can take us. We then discuss the path towards applying these modes in topologically protected quantum computing and observing more exotic kinds of superconductivity based on the same materials platform, and how to make connections to high-energy physics.