Health risk assessment of lead for children in tinfoil manufacturing and e-waste recycling areas of Zhejiang Province, China.
Health risk assessment of lead for children in tinfoil manufacturing and e-waste recycling areas of Zhejiang Province, China.
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DOI：
10.1016/j.scitotenv.2012.04.002
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发表时间：
2012-06
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
Xiaofeng Wang;G. Miller;Gang-qiang Ding;Xiao-ming Lou;Delei Cai;Zhijian Chen;Jia Meng;Jun Tang;C. Chu;Z. Mo;Jian-long Han
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Xiaofeng Wang;G. Miller;Gang-qiang Ding;Xiao-ming Lou;Delei Cai;Zhijian Chen;Jia Meng;Jun Tang;C. Chu;Z. Mo;Jian-long Han
锡箔制造和电子废物回收在中国浙江省仍处于初级阶段，这可能是导致血铅水平升高和对儿童健康影响的原因。我们评估了锡箔制造和电子废物回收领域铅的潜在健康风险。本研究选取锡箔生产区（兰溪）、电子垃圾回收区（路桥）和参照区（淳安）的329名11-12岁儿童为研究对象。采用电感耦合等离子体质谱仪（ICP-MS）测定儿童血铅水平。同时测定血尿素氮（BUN）、血肌酐、血钙、δ-氨基乙酰丙酸（δ-ALA）和智商（IQ）。兰溪、路桥和淳安的血铅水平几何均值分别为8.11μg/dL、6.97μg/dL和2.78μg/dL，血铅水平> 10μg/dL的儿童分别占35.1%、38.9%和0%。暴露区的BLL明显高于对照区。兰溪儿童肌酐和血钙高于淳安儿童，路桥儿童δ-ALA高于淳安儿童，血钙低于淳安儿童。兰溪、鲁桥和淳安三地儿童的智商差异不显著，但语言能力水平与智商呈负相关。结果表明，电子废物回收和锡箔加工产生的铅污染似乎对儿童健康构成潜在的严重威胁。
Tinfoil manufacturing and electronic waste (e-waste) recycling remain rudimentary processes in Zhejing Province, China, which could account for elevated blood lead levels (BLLs) and health impacts on children. We assessed the potential health risks of lead in tinfoil manufacturing and e-waste recycling areas. 329 children in total aged 11–12 who lived in a tinfoil manufacturing area (Lanxi), an e-waste recycling area (Luqiao) and a reference area (Chun'an) were studied. Lead levels in children's blood were determined by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometer (ICP-MS). Blood urea nitrogen (BUN), serum creatinine, serum calcium, δ-Aminolaevulinic acid (δ-ALA) and intelligence quotient (IQ) were also measured. Geometric mean of BLLs in Lanxi, Luqiao and Chun'an were 8.11μg/dL, 6.97μg/dL, and 2.78μg/dL respectively, with 35.1%, 38.9% and 0% of children who had BLLs above 10μg/dL. The BLLs in exposed areas were much higher than those in the control area. Lanxi children had higher creatinine and calcium than Chun'an children, and Luqiao children had higher δ-ALA and lower calcium than Chun'an children. No significant differences of IQ were observed between Lanxi, Luqiao and Chun'an, however a negative relationship between BLLs and IQ was shown for the study children. The results indicated that lead pollution from e-waste recycling and tinfoil processing appears to be a potential serious threat to children's health.