Neural evidence for a distinction between short-term memory and the focus of attention.
Neural evidence for a distinction between short-term memory and the focus of attention.
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DOI：
10.1162/jocn_a_00140
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发表时间：
2012-01
影响因子：
3.2
通讯作者：
Postle BR
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Lewis-Peacock JA;Drysdale AT;Oberauer K;Postle BR
人们普遍认为，信息的短期保留是通过维持活跃的神经痕迹来完成的。然而，我们证明，记忆可以保存在短暂的延迟，尽管明显的损失持续的陈述。延迟期活动实际上可能反映了注意力的集中，而不是短期记忆。我们通过引起外部和内部的注意力转移，使注意力从积极保留的项目上移开，从而消除了注意力和记忆的混淆。功能磁共振成像的多变量模式分析表明，只有在注意力集中的项目引起了积极的神经痕迹。与焦点之外的项目表示相对应的活动迅速下降到基线。不过，这个信息在短暂的延迟之后就被记住了。我们的数据还表明，将注意力重新集中到以前未被注意的记忆项目上可以重新激活其神经信号。长期以来，持续活动的丧失一直被认为是短期记忆的中断，但我们的研究结果表明，即使是小的记忆负荷不超过短期记忆的容量限制，刺激表征的积极维护可能不是必要的短期保留。
It is widely assumed that the short-term retention of information is accomplished via maintenance of an active neural trace. However, we demonstrate that memory can be preserved across a brief delay despite the apparent loss of sustained representations. Delay-period activity may in fact reflect the focus of attention, rather than short-term memory. We unconfounded attention and memory by causing external and internal shifts of attention away from items that were being actively retained. Multivariate pattern analysis of fMRI indicated that only items within the focus of attention elicited an active neural trace. Activity corresponding to representations of items outside the focus quickly dropped to baseline. Nevertheless, this information was remembered after a brief delay. Our data also show that refocusing attention towards a previously unattended memory item can reactivate its neural signature. The loss of sustained activity has long been thought to indicate a disruption of short-term memory, but our results suggest that, even for small memory loads not exceeding the capacity limits of short-term memory, the active maintenance of a stimulus representation may not be necessary for its short-term retention.
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影响因子：
3.2
作者：
Erickson MA;Maramara LA;Lisman J
通讯作者：
Lisman J
影响因子：
56.9
作者：
FUSTER, JM;ALEXANDER, GE
通讯作者：
ALEXANDER, GE
DOI：
10.1016/s0022-5371(72)80012-4
发表时间：
1972-01-01
期刊：
JOURNAL OF VERBAL LEARNING AND VERBAL BEHAVIOR
影响因子：
--
作者：
GARDINER, JM;CRAIK, FIM;BIRTWIST.J
通讯作者：
BIRTWIST.J
影响因子：
3.7
作者：
Cameron, KA;Haarmann, HJ;Ruchkin, DS
通讯作者：
Ruchkin, DS
影响因子：
2.6
作者：
Chun, Marvin M.
通讯作者：
Chun, Marvin M.