History of the progressive development of genetic marker systems for common buckwheat
History of the progressive development of genetic marker systems for common buckwheat
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DOI：
10.1270/jsbbs.19075
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发表时间：
2020-01
期刊：
影响因子：
2.4
通讯作者：
Y. Yasui
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Y. Yasui
基因分型是鉴定农艺学上有用基因和分析群体结构的必要步骤。在普通荞麦（Fagopyrum esculentum Moench）中已经开发了各种类型的遗传标记系统。在20世纪80年代，形态标记和等位酶标记被用于构建连锁图谱。直到21世纪初，等位酶标记才被广泛用于群体遗传学研究。这些研究表明，栽培的普通荞麦可能起源于中国三江地区。在20世纪90年代末和21世纪初，PCR技术的进步导致了用于连锁图谱的各种DNA标记系统的发展。然而，基于PCR的标记没有完全覆盖基因组，使得荞麦的遗传分析具有挑战性。下一代测序的后续发展，一种改变游戏规则的技术，允许对许多物种进行全基因组分析。事实上，跨越756个位点的8，884个标记最近被定位到普通荞麦的8个连锁群上;这些标记成功地用于基因组选择以增加产量。此外，荞麦基因组数据库（Buckwheat Genome DataBase，BGDB）也提供了基因组序列草图。本文综述了现代遗传标记技术在荞麦育种和遗传分析方面的研究进展。
Genotyping is an essential procedure for identifying agronomically useful genes and analyzing population structure. Various types of genetic marker systems have been developed in common buckwheat (Fagopyrum esculentum Moench). In the 1980s, morphological and allozyme markers were used to construct linkage maps. Until the early 2000s, allozyme markers were widely used in population genetics studies. Such studies demonstrated that cultivated common buckwheat likely originated in the Sanjiang area of China. In the late 1990s and early 2000s, advances in PCR technology led to the development of various DNA marker systems for use in linkage mapping. However, PCR-based markers did not completely cover the genome, making genetic analysis of buckwheat challenging. The subsequent development of next generation sequencing, a game-changing technology, has allowed genome-wide analysis to be performed for many species. Indeed, 8,884 markers spanning 756 loci were recently mapped onto eight linkage groups of common buckwheat; these markers were successfully used for genomic selection to increase yield. Furthermore, draft genome sequences are now available in the Buckwheat Genome DataBase (BGDB). In this review, I summarize advances in the breeding and genetic analysis of common buckwheat based on contemporary genetic marker systems.