Salmonella enterica Flagellin Is Recognized via FLS2 and Activates PAMP-Triggered Immunity in Arabidopsis thaliana
Salmonella enterica Flagellin Is Recognized via FLS2 and Activates PAMP-Triggered Immunity in Arabidopsis thaliana
复制标题
DOI：
10.1093/mp/sst145
复制
发表时间：
2014-04-01
期刊：
影响因子：
27.5
通讯作者：
Hirt, Heribert
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Garcia, Ana Victoria;Charrier, Amelie;Hirt, Heribert
肠道沙门氏菌感染是食物中毒的最主要原因，受感染的水果和蔬菜是沙门氏菌病的重要媒介。最近的证据表明，植物识别S。并提高防御反应。尽管如此，控制S.肠道与植物的关系尚不清楚。在这里，我们展示了来自S. enterica代表了拟南芥中一种重要的病原体相关分子模式（PAMP），其通过受体激酶FLS2识别flg22结构域来诱导PAMP触发的免疫（PTI）。拟南芥fls2突变体显示PTI激活减少，但没有消除，表明植物也依赖于其他S.肠PAMP。有趣的是，S。肠III型分泌系统（T3SS）突变体prgH在拟南芥中比野生型细菌诱导更强的防御基因表达，表明T3SS效应子参与防御抑制。此外，我们观察到S.肠杆菌菌株显示flg22表位的变异，这导致蛋白质具有降低的PTI诱导活性。这些结果表明，S. enterica激活拟南芥中的PTI，表明为了完成植物定殖，S.肠道进化出避免或抑制PTI的策略。
Infections with Salmonella enterica belong to the most prominent causes of food poisoning and infected fruits and vegetables represent important vectors for salmonellosis. Recent evidence indicates that plants recognize S. enterica and raise defense responses. Nonetheless, the molecular mechanisms controlling the interaction of S. enterica with plants are still largely unclear. Here, we show that flagellin from S. enterica represents a prominent pathogen-associated molecular pattern (PAMP) in Arabidopsis thaliana, which induces PAMP-triggered immunity (PTI) via the recognition of the flg22 domain by the receptor kinase FLS2. The Arabidopsis fls2 mutant shows reduced though not abolished PTI activation, indicating that plants rely also on recognition of other S. enterica PAMPs. Interestingly, the S. enterica type III secretion system (T3SS) mutant prgH- duced stronger defense gene expression than wild-type bacteria in Arabidopsis, suggesting that T3SS effectors are involved in defense suppression. Furthermore, we observe that S. enterica strains show variation in the flg22 epitope, which results in proteins with reduced PTI-inducing activity. Altogether, these results show that S. enterica activates PTI in Arabidopsis and suggest that, in order to accomplish plant colonization, S. enterica evolved strategies to avoid or suppress PTI.