Recent Trends in Analytical Methods to Determine New Psychoactive Substances in Hair.
Recent Trends in Analytical Methods to Determine New Psychoactive Substances in Hair.
复制标题
测定头发中新型精神活性物质的分析方法的最新趋势。
DOI：
10.2174/1570159x15666161111112545
复制
发表时间：
2017
影响因子：
5.3
通讯作者：
Zaami S
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Kyriakou C;Pellegrini M;García-Algar O;Marinelli E;Zaami S
新精神活性物质属于若干化学类别，包括苯乙胺、哌嗪、合成卡西酮和合成大麻素。开发和验证用于测定传统基质和替代基质中的三聚氰胺的分析方法对于研究药物代谢以及将消费与临床结果和最终中毒症状联系起来至关重要。在不同的生物基质中，毛发是调查药物相关史和证明既往摄入时间窗最宽的生物基质。本文的目的是概述快速发展的分析方法的趋势，用于测定头发中的维生素B1和这些方法的实用性时，应用于真实的情况。近年来，人们提出了一些快速、灵敏的毛发基质中痕量蛋白质的测定方法，其中大多数是采用液相色谱-质谱联用技术。描述了毛发消化和随后的固相萃取或液-液萃取以及在有机溶剂中的萃取。对于大多数方法，获得的定量限为皮克/毫克毛发。大多数真实的样本中的药物浓度都在皮克/毫克头发的范围内。对结果的解释以及缺乏区分长期消费和偶尔使用或外部污染的临界值仍然具有挑战性。用于测定头发中的维生素B1的方法不断出现，以包括尽可能多的维生素B1，这是由于对它们的检测的巨大需求。
New Psychoactive Substances (NPS) belong to several chemical classes, including phenethylamines, piperazines, synthetic cathinones and synthetic cannabinoids. Development and validation of analytical methods for the determination of NPS both in traditional and alternative matrices is of crucial importance to study drug metabolism and to associate consumption to clinical outcomes and eventual intoxication symptoms. Among different biological matrices, hair is the one with the widest time window to investigate drug-related history and demonstrate past intake. The aim of this paper was to overview the trends of the rapidly evolving analytical methods for the determination of NPS in hair and the usefulness of these methods when applied to real cases. A number of rapid and sensitive methods for the determination of NPS in hair matrix has been recently published, most of them using liquid chromatography coupled to mass spectrometry. Hair digestion and subsequent solid phase extraction or liquid-liquid extraction were described as well as extraction in organic solvents. For most of the methods limits of quantification at picogram per milligram hair were obtained. The measured concentrations for most of the NPS in real samples were in the range of picograms of drug per milligram of hair. Interpretation of the results and lack of cut-off values for the discrimination between chronic consumption and occasional use or external contamination are still challenging. Methods for the determination of NPS in hair are continually emerging to include as many NPS as possible due to the great demand for their detection.