BIOMATERIALS : CURRENT KNOWLEDGE OF PROPERTIES , EXPERIMENTAL MODELS AND BIOLOGICAL MECHANISMS
BIOMATERIALS : CURRENT KNOWLEDGE OF PROPERTIES , EXPERIMENTAL MODELS AND BIOLOGICAL MECHANISMS
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发表时间：
2011
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通讯作者：
A. Barradas;Huipin Yuan;C. A. V. Blitterswijk;P. Habibović
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作者：
A. Barradas;Huipin Yuan;C. A. V. Blitterswijk;P. Habibović
在过去的三十年中，许多生物材料已经显示出当植入异位部位时诱导骨形成的能力，这种能力被称为骨诱导。这种生物材料-骨诱导生物材料-在骨再生的新疗法的发展中具有巨大的潜力。尽管到目前为止，文献中已经报道了各种具有良好特征的骨诱导生物材料，但科学家仍然缺乏对它们诱导骨形成现象的生物学机制的基本理解。由于在较小动物（特别是啮齿类动物）中观察到生物材料的骨诱导作用有限（如果有的话），因此需要更大的动物模型进行研究，这进一步使问题复杂化。除了物种间的差异，同一物种的个体之间的差异也被观察到。此外，比较不同的研究并得出一般性结论具有挑战性，因为这些研究通常不仅在生物材料的物理化学和结构特性方面存在差异，而且在动物模型、植入部位和研究持续时间方面也存在差异。尽管存在这些局限性，但在过去的几十年中，与骨诱导发生相关的材料特性的知识已经大大增加。在这里，我们回顾了骨诱导生物材料的性能，在光的模型和条件下，他们进行了测试。此外，我们给出了一个深入了解的生物过程中的骨诱导的生物材料和我们的看法，在这一研究领域的未来前景。
In the past thirty years, a number of biomaterials have shown the ability to induce bone formation when implanted at heterotopic sites, an ability known as osteoinduction. Such biomaterials – osteoinductive biomaterials – hold great potential for the development of new therapies in bone regeneration. Although a variety of well characterised osteoinductive biomaterials have so far been reported in the literature, scientists still lack fundamental understanding of the biological mechanism underlying the phenomenon by which they induce bone formation. This is further complicated by the observations that larger animal models are required for research, since limited, if any, bone induction by biomaterials is observed in smaller animals, including particularly rodents. Besides interspecies variation, variations among individuals of the same species have been observed. Furthermore, comparing different studies and drawing general conclusions is challenging, as these usually differ not only in the physico-chemical and structural properties of the biomaterials, but also in animal model, implantation site and duration of the study. Despite these limitations, the knowledge of material properties relevant for osteoinduction to occur has tremendously increased in the past decades. Here we review the properties of osteoinductive biomaterials, in the light of the model and the conditions under which they were tested. Furthermore, we give an insight into the biological processes governing osteoinduction by biomaterials and our view on the future perspectives in this research fi eld.