"Just Because It's Out There, People Aren't Going to Use It.'' HIV Self-Testing Among Young, Black MSM, and Transgender Women
"Just Because It's Out There, People Aren't Going to Use It.'' HIV Self-Testing Among Young, Black MSM, and Transgender Women
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DOI：
10.1089/apc.2015.0100
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发表时间：
2015-11-01
影响因子：
4.9
通讯作者：
Kobin, Beryl
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Frye, Victoria;Wilton, Leo;Kobin, Beryl
艾滋病毒对美国年轻的黑人MSM和变性人女性的影响不成比例。提高这些人群的艾滋病毒检测率是一个关键的公共卫生目标。虽然艾滋病毒自我检测是商业上可用的，但有必要更好地了解这一人群获得和接受艾滋病毒自我检测的情况。在这里，我们报告了一项对30名居住在纽约市地区的年轻黑人MSM和变性人妇女的定性研究结果，以了解包括自我检测在内的一系列艾滋病毒检测方法的促进者和障碍。平均年龄23.7岁(SD=3.4)。超过一半的人(54%)拥有大学或大专学位，但37%的人年收入不到1万美元。大多数(%)参与者在过去6个月内进行过检测，场所包括社区卫生/义诊、医务室、流动检测单位、医院、急诊科和研究场所。只有一名参与者报告曾使用过商业上可用的艾滋病毒自检。自我测试的促进者包括便利性、可控性和隐私性，特别是与基于场地的测试相比。自我测试的障碍包括测试成本、对访问测试的焦虑、对正确测试操作的担忧，以及如果测试结果为阳性则缺乏支持。参与者表示，在测试结果呈阳性的情况下，指导正确的测试操作和社会支持可能会增加他们使用自我测试的可能性。除了开发新的艾滋病毒预防方法外，开发增加艾滋病毒自我检测的方法是年轻、黑人MSM和变性人妇女的公共卫生优先事项。
HIV disproportionately affects young black MSM and transgender women in the US. Increasing HIV testing rates among these populations is a critical public health goal. Although HIV self-tests are commercially available, there is a need to better understand access to and uptake of HIV self-testing among this population. Here, we report results of a qualitative study of 30 young black MSM and transgender women residing in the New York City area to understand facilitators of and barriers to a range of HIV testing approaches, including self-testing. Mean age was 23.7 years (SD=3.4). Over half (54%) had some college or an associate's degree, yet 37% had an annual personal income of less than $10,000 per year. Most (64%) participants had tested in the past 6 months; venues included community health/free clinics, medical offices, mobile testing units, hospitals, emergency departments, and research sites. Just one participant reported ever using a commercially available HIV self-test. Facilitators of self-testing included convenience, control, and privacy, particularly as compared to venue-based testing. Barriers to self-testing included the cost of the test, anxiety regarding accessing the test, concerns around correct test operation, and lack of support if a test result is positive. Participants indicated that instruction in correct test operation and social support in the event of a positive test result may increase the likelihood that they would use the self-test. Alongside developing new approaches to HIV prevention, developing ways to increase HIV self-testing is a public health priority for young, black MSM, and transgender women.