Attention, automaticity, and affective disorder
Attention, automaticity, and affective disorder
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DOI：
10.1177/0145445500241004
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发表时间：
2000-01-01
影响因子：
2.3
通讯作者：
Wells, A
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Matthews, G;Wells, A
本文综述了情感障碍和焦虑中注意偏向的可能机制。注意偏向有时被认为是自动的。然而，有方法学上的困难，旨在证明自动性的研究，经验和模拟证据表明，偏见可能主要是战略。注意力自主控制的偏差可能是由应对策略驱动的，而应对策略又取决于对外部需求的评估、心理功能的元认知、长期记忆中自我相关知识的获取以及注意力的自我聚焦。情绪和注意力的自我调节执行功能（S-REF）模型详细说明了这些过程如何相互作用以影响注意力控制。临床障碍与动态适应性丧失和持续性沉思和担忧综合征有关，这种综合征将注意力转向监测威胁，而远离适应不良的自我认识的重建。的S-REF模型的治疗干预措施，针对注意力控制的影响进行了讨论。
This article reviews possible mechanisms for attentional bias in affective disorders and anxiety. Attentional bias is sometimes conceptualized as automatic in nature. However, there are methodological difficulties with studies purporting to demonstrate automaticity, and empirical and simulation evidence suggest that bias may be predominantly strategic. Bias in the voluntary control of attention may be driven by coping strategies, which in turn depend on appraisal of external demands, metacognitions of mental function, access of self-relevant knowledge in long-term memory, and self-focus of attention. The Self-Regulatory Executive Function (S-REF) model of emotion and attention specifies how these processes interact to influence attentional control. Clinical disorder is associated with loss of dynamic adaptability and a syndrome of perseverative rumination and worry that directs attention toward monitoring for threat and away from restructuring of maladaptive self-knowledge. Implications of the S-REF model for therapeutic interventions directed toward attentional control are discussed.