Next-Generation IoT Devices: Sustainable Eco-Friendly Manufacturing, Energy Harvesting, and Wireless Connectivity
Next-Generation IoT Devices: Sustainable Eco-Friendly Manufacturing, Energy Harvesting, and Wireless Connectivity
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DOI：
10.1109/jmw.2022.3228683
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发表时间：
2023-01-01
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
Grosinger，Jasmin
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Rahmani，Hamed;Shetty，Darshan;Grosinger，Jasmin
这篇特邀论文提出了一些潜在的解决方案，以解决开发可持续物联网（IoT）设备的一些主要潜在挑战，重点是环保制造，可持续供电和下一代物联网设备的无线连接。物联网系统的各种应用，如智慧城市、可穿戴设备、自动驾驶汽车和工业自动化，正在以前所未有的速度推动物联网系统的数量。近年来，物联网设备数量的快速增长和各种特定应用的系统需求导致了制造工艺、供电方法和无线连接解决方案的范式转变。传统的以云为中心的物联网系统正在向分布式智能方案发展，这些方案对物联网设备提出了严格的要求，例如，操作范围、延迟和可靠性。在本文中，我们概述了新兴物联网系统的硬件相关研究趋势和应用用例，并重点介绍了下一代物联网的使能技术。我们回顾了下一代物联网设备的环保制造，提出了替代现有材料的可生物降解和环保选择，并讨论了通过利用能量收集和无线电力传输为物联网设备提供可持续动力。最后，我们提出了（超）低功耗无线连接解决方案，可满足未来物联网系统严格的能效和数据速率要求，并与无电池操作兼容。
This invited paper presents potential solutions for tackling some of the main underlying challenges toward developing sustainable Internet-of-things (IoT) devices with a focus on eco-friendly manufacturing, sustainable powering, and wireless connectivity for next-generation IoT devices. The diverse applications of IoT systems, such as smart cities, wearable devices, self-driving cars, and industrial automation, are driving up the number of IoT systems at an unprecedented rate. In recent years, the rapidly-increasing number of IoT devices and the diverse application-specific system requirements have resulted in a paradigm shift in manufacturing processes, powering methods, and wireless connectivity solutions. The traditional cloud-centering IoT systems are moving toward distributed intelligence schemes that impose strict requirements on IoT devices, e.g., operating range, latency, and reliability. In this article, we provide an overview of hardware-related research trends and application use cases of emerging IoT systems and highlight the enabling technologies of next-generation IoT. We review eco-friendly manufacturing for next-generation IoT devices, present alternative biodegradable and eco-friendly options to replace existing materials, and discuss sustainable powering IoT devices by exploiting energy harvesting and wireless power transfer. Finally, we present (ultra-)low-power wireless connectivity solutions that meet the stringent energy efficiency and data rate requirements of future IoT systems that are compatible with a batteryless operation.