Local and Remote Impacts of Aerosol Species on Indian Summer Monsoon Rainfall in a GCM
Local and Remote Impacts of Aerosol Species on Indian Summer Monsoon Rainfall in a GCM
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DOI：
10.1175/jcli-d-15-0728.1
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发表时间：
2016-04
影响因子：
4.9
通讯作者：
Liang Guo;A. Turner;E. Highwood
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Liang Guo;A. Turner;E. Highwood
HadGEM2大气气溶胶模式被用来确定印度季风中最重要的人为气溶胶，实验中施加了个别气溶胶物种的观测趋势。研究表明，二氧化硫(SD)排放对降雨量的影响比黑碳(BC)气溶胶更大，导致降雨量减少，特别是在印度北部。BC的显著扰动直到其排放在敏感性测试中被放大才被注意到，由于热泵机制的升高，导致印度北部的降雨量增加，增强了季风前的对流，并提前了季风的爆发。其次，将人为气溶胶的影响与温室气体浓度增加和观测到的海洋表面温度(SST)变暖的影响进行了比较。驱动季风的对流层温度梯度在SD或SST趋势的强迫下表现出减弱的趋势。但观测到的海温变化趋势是以热带深层变暖为主的，当海温的各分量变化较大时，海温的变化趋势与海温变化趋势密切相关。
AbstractThe HadGEM2 AGCM is used to determine the most important anthropogenic aerosols in the Indian monsoon using experiments in which observed trends in individual aerosol species are imposed. Sulfur dioxide (SD) emissions are shown to impact rainfall more strongly than black carbon (BC) aerosols, causing reduced rainfall especially over northern India. Significant perturbations due to BC are not noted until its emissions are scaled up in a sensitivity test, resulting in rainfall increases over northern India due to the elevated heat pump mechanism, enhancing convection during the premonsoon, and bringing forward the monsoon onset. Second, the impact of anthropogenic aerosols is compared to that of increasing greenhouse-gas concentrations and observed sea surface temperature (SST) warming. The tropospheric temperature gradient driving the monsoon shows weakening when forced by either SD or imposed SST trends. However, the observed SST trend is dominated by warming in the deep tropics; when the componen...