ADJUSTMENTS AND ADAPTATIONS TO INDOOR AND OUTDOOR ENVIRONMENTS - CONTINUITY AND CHANGE IN YOUNG-ADULT RHESUS-MONKEYS
ADJUSTMENTS AND ADAPTATIONS TO INDOOR AND OUTDOOR ENVIRONMENTS - CONTINUITY AND CHANGE IN YOUNG-ADULT RHESUS-MONKEYS
复制标题
DOI：
10.1002/ajp.1350280205
复制
发表时间：
1992-01-01
影响因子：
2.4
通讯作者：
SUOMI, SJ
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
NOVAK, MA;ONEILL, P;SUOMI, SJ
圈养灵长类动物的最佳环境被认为是模拟某些生态特征并引发广泛的物种典型行为模式的环境。人们通常认为室外环境比室内环境更合适，因为它们提供了更多的空间和潜在的更高水平的刺激。这项研究的目的是比较几组动物的长期行为反应，这些动物在生命的头两年内被相同地饲养，然后暴露于不同的环境。两组被转移到单独的“丰富的”室内围栏，而一组被转移到占地约 5 英亩的室外区域。这些猴子在出生后第一年以及 6 至 10 岁时在这些不同的环境中再次被观察。虽然猴子在出生后第一年的行为相似，但对室内和室外环境形成了不同的反应模式。与普遍观点相反，室内猴子并没有更具攻击性，也没有表现出更高水平的刻板行为。相反，室内猴子比室外猴子表现出更高水平的梳理毛发、性姿势、触觉/口腔探索和被动视觉行为。这些差异与德瓦尔的调节模型是一致的。五年期间，个别猴子的某些特征也表现出显着的稳定性。
Optimal environments for captive primates are assumed to be those which simulate certain ecological features and elicit a wide range of species-typical behavior patterns. Outdoor environments are often thought to be more suitable than indoor environments in that they provide more space and potentially higher levels of stimulation. The purpose of this study was to compare the long-term behavioral responses of several groups of animals that had been reared identically during the first two years of life and then exposed to different environments. Two groups were moved into separate" enriched" indoor pens while one group was moved to an outdoor area covering approximately 5 acres. The monkeys were observed during the first year of life and again in these different environments between the ages of 6 and 10. Although behaviorally similar during the first year of life, monkeys developed different response patterns to indoor and outdoor environments. Contrary to commonly held views, indoor monkeys were not more aggressive, nor did they show higher levels of stereotypical behavior. Instead, indoor monkeys exhibited higher levels of grooming, sexual posturing, tactile/oral exploration, and passive visual behavior than their outdoor counterparts. These differences are consistent with the reconciliation model of de Waal. Individual monkeys also showed remarkable stability in certain traits over the 5-year period.