Efficient Leak Localization in Water Distribution Systems Using Multistage Optimal Valve Operations and Smart Demand Metering
Efficient Leak Localization in Water Distribution Systems Using Multistage Optimal Valve Operations and Smart Demand Metering
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DOI：
10.1029/2020wr028285
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发表时间：
2020-10
影响因子：
5.4
通讯作者：
Yuan Huang;Feifei Zheng;Z. Kapelan;D. Savić;H. Duan;Qingzhou Zhang
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Yuan Huang;Feifei Zheng;Z. Kapelan;D. Savić;H. Duan;Qingzhou Zhang
本文提出了一种通过配水系统 (WDS) 的区域仪表区域 (DMA) 中的阀门操作 (VO) 和智能需求计量来定位爆裂泄漏的多级方法。每个阶段包括使用 VO 将 DMA 划分为两个子区域，并通过基于智能需量表的水平衡分析来识别子区域内潜在泄漏的管道。重复执行这样的过程（多个阶段）以缩小精确定位泄漏位置的空间范围。为了提高效率，提出了二分优化问题，以使用最少数量的 VO 来定位最小泄漏区域，并通过基于图论的方法来解决。使用具有不同拓扑属性的真实 WDS 的两个 DMA（DMA1 和 DMA2）证明了所提出方法的实用性。结果表明，该方法可以有效地定位 DMA1 中管道总长度 7-15% 范围内的人工爆裂泄漏，这意味着该方法在理论上可以有效定位管道爆裂泄漏。 DMA2 的实际应用已使用 18 个 VO 识别出两个管道长度分别为 2.3 和 4.2 km（约占整个 DMA2 的 3-6%）的泄漏区域。当地自来水公司的从业人员随后使用监听棒确认并查明了这两次爆裂泄漏。这些结果表明，所提出的多级方法对于突发泄漏定位是有效且高效的，由于智能WDS（例如智能需求表或控制阀）的快速发展，该方法有望在实际应用中得到广泛应用。
This paper proposes a multistage method for burst leak localization through valve operations (VOs) and smart demand metering in district meter areas (DMAs) of water distribution systems (WDSs). Each stage includes partitioning of the DMA into two subregions using VOs and identification of potentially leaking pipes within the subregions through water balance analysis based on smart demand meters. Such a process is performed repeatedly (multiple stages) to narrow down the spatial range for pinpointing leak locations. To improve efficiency, a bisection optimization problem is formulated to localize the minimum leak areas using the lowest number of VOs, which is solved by a graph theory‐based method. The utility of the proposed method is demonstrated using two DMAs (DMA1 and DMA2) of a real WDS with different topological properties. Results show that the proposed method can efficiently localize artificial burst leaks in DMA1 within 7–15% of the total pipe length, implying that the proposed method is theoretically effective in localizing pipe burst leaks. The real application to DMA2 has identified two leak regions with 2.3 and 4.2 km of pipe length (around 3–6% of the entire DMA2) using 18 VOs. These two burst leaks have been subsequently confirmed and pinpointed using listening rods by practitioners of the local water utility. These results indicate that the proposed multistage method is effective and efficient for burst leak localization, which can be promising for wide practical applications due to rapid developments of smart WDSs (e.g., smart demand meters or control valves).