A Roadmap for Lowering Crop Nitrogen Requirement.
A Roadmap for Lowering Crop Nitrogen Requirement.
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DOI：
10.1016/j.tplants.2019.06.006
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发表时间：
2019-07
影响因子：
20.5
通讯作者：
Stéphanie M. Swarbreck;Meng Wang;Yuan Wang;D. Kindred;R. Sylvester-Bradley;W. Shi;Varinderpal-Singh;A. Bentley;H. Griffiths
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文献类型：
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作者：
Stéphanie M. Swarbreck;Meng Wang;Yuan Wang;D. Kindred;R. Sylvester-Bradley;W. Shi;Varinderpal-Singh;A. Bentley;H. Griffiths
20世纪，氮肥使用量的增加维持了世界人口的增长。然而，为了避免任何进一步的相关环境破坏，必须开发新的可持续农艺实践和新品种。迄今为止，氮素利用效率（NUE）的概念在量化氮素吸收和利用过程中是有用的，但我们建议将重点转移到将氮响应性作为更合适的性状来选择氮需求较低的品种。我们提供了一个路线图，将氮吸收和同化的调节整合到品种选择和作物育种计划中。总体目标是减少世界各地采用不同种植制度种植作物的农民的氮投入，同时保持产量并减少温室气体（GHG）排放。
Increasing nitrogen fertilizer applications have sustained a growing world population in the 20th century. However, to avoid any further associated environmental damage, new sustainable agronomic practices together with new cultivars must be developed. To date the concept of nitrogen use efficiency (NUE) has been useful in quantifying the processes of nitrogen uptake and utilization, but we propose a shift in focus to consider nitrogen responsiveness as a more appropriate trait to select varieties with lower nitrogen requirements. We provide a roadmap to integrate the regulation of nitrogen uptake and assimilation into varietal selection and crop breeding programs. The overall goal is to reduce nitrogen inputs by farmers growing crops in contrasting cropping systems around the world, while sustaining yields and reducing greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions.